Kebiishi
The Kebiishi ( Japanese 検 非 違 使 , also: Kenbiishi , dt. "Commissioner to investigate illegalities") were subordinate to the Japanese Ritsuryō system administrative officials, with functions similar to the police and judges. They were founded in the 7th year of Konin (816) during the Heian period . They had the task of investigating and clearing up illegalities in the name of the Tennō . The assistants and officers were called bailiffs ( 廷尉 , Teii ). The Kebiishi were mainly active in the capital region ( Kinki ) around Kyoto , where they were responsible for maintaining public order and civil administration. With the weakening of imperial power and the establishment of the Kamakura shogunate , they lost their importance.
The corresponding authority was called Kebiishi-chō ( 検 非 違 使 庁 ) and was headed by an officer with the rank of Bettō, the Kebiishi no bettō ( 検 非 違 使 別 当 ). This also often held the office of Chūnagon (middle cabinet councilor), Sangi (councilor), Emon no kami (commander of the gate guard) or Hyōe no kami (commander of the palace guard).