Celtic settlement Kapf
The Celtic settlement Kapf is a fortification from the Hallstatt period ( 551 BC ) on the Kapf . It is located near Villingen-Schwenningen , on a mountain tongue at the confluence of the Kirnach and Brigach rivers , opposite the Kirnach train station at about 773 m above sea level. NN.
Nothing more can be seen of the complex; one can only guess their location based on the earth formations (elevations, graves, stones).
The settlement was the place of activity of the prince, who was buried in a burial mound in Magdalenenberg . The finds from the Kapf date back to the same time as the finds from Magdalenenberg.
The site consists of a medieval defense system, the so-called "inner moat system", and a defense system from the Hallstatt period, the "outer moat system".
The inner system extended over 110 meters in a north-south direction. It consisted of an approximately two meter high wall with a stone wall on the front and a pointed moat in front . The facility crosses the steeply sloping mountain spur between Kirnach and Brigach from slope to slope and secured a triangular base area of around 0.5 ha in size (90 m length, 120 m base width), superimposed on older settlement layers from the Hallstatt period. The original access to the gate system was probably via an earth bridge at the north end.
The outer, older system consisted of an earth wall about one and a half meters high and eight meters wide with a wide and flat bottom ditch in front. The gate passage was near an internal spring. The wall secured a triangular settlement area of around two hectares (210 m long, 200 m base width). The entire complex was identified as a simple settlement with a relatively high population through numerous ceramic finds and a splendid primer . It is to be assumed in connection with the extraction and smelting of the limonite ore in the immediate vicinity . The fact that the princely grave of Magdalenenbergle (551 BC) and the settlement belong together is beyond doubt. In 1959 excavations took place. Two section fortifications once protected the mountain nose from enemy attacks.
literature
- Hermann Burkhardt: Baden-Württemberg - a local and regional history. Ernst Klett Verlag, Stuttgart 1988, ISBN 3-12-281200-2 .
- Martin von Arndt : The Celts and their culture - script: The culture of the Hallstatt Celts in Baden-Württemberg ( PDF ; 3.56 MB)
Web links
Coordinates: 48 ° 4 ′ 22.2 " N , 8 ° 24 ′ 48" E