Khor Rori
Coordinates: 17 ° 2 ′ 20.4 ″ N , 54 ° 26 ′ 4 ″ E
Khor Rori ( Arabic خور روري Chawr Rawrī , DMG Ḫawr Rawrī , Hadramitisch S 1 m (h) rm Sum (h) arum , Sum (h) uram or similar) was an old South Arabian city near today's Khor Rori 40 km east of Salala in Dhofar , a region in Oman . It is located at the mouth of Wadi Darbat in the Indian Ocean in a protected bay. It may be identical to theport of Moscha Limên mentionedin Periplus Maris Erythraei , § 32. In the 1950s, Wendell Phillips and William Foxwell Albright undertook thefirst excavations in Khor Rori, whichwere resumed in1997 by an Italian team under Alessandra Avanzini and have continued since then. Together with the port of Al-Baleed , the ruins of the caravan oasis Shisr / Wubar and the incense tree park of Wadi Dawkah,Khor Rori formsthe cultural heritage Land of Incense , which was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2000.
history
After radiocarbon dating and comparison of the ceramic finds, Khor Rori was found in the 5th or 4th century BC. Founded. Several building inscriptions from the city report that it was founded under the name Sumharum ( Hadramitisch S 1 mhrm ) by residents of the Hadramitic capital Shabwat on the orders of King Il'adh Yalit . As the easternmost outpost of the old South Arabian empire Hadramaut, Khor Rori probably served as a stopover on the trade route between Arabia and India and for shipping the incense obtained in Dhofar . The last finds date from the early 5th century AD, after which Khor Rori appears to have been abandoned.
architecture
The ancient city of Khor Rori lies on a hill above the harbor and was double walled. Inside there were various temples, workshops, warehouses and residential buildings. Another temple, agricultural buildings and a burial ground were found outside the city walls.
See also the article section: Architectural history of South Arabia
literature
- Alessandra Avanzini: Khor Rori Report 1 ( Arabia Antica 1). Pisa 2002. ISBN 88-8492-031-0
- Alessandra Avanzini: Khor Rori Report 2: A Port in Arabia between Rome and the Indian Ocean (3rd C. BC - 5th C. AD) ( Arabia Antica 5). Rome 2008. ISBN 88-8265-469-9
- Albert Jamme: Hadrami texts from Khor Rori , in: Miscellanées d'ancient arabe IX. Washington 1979, pp. 97-98
Web links
- Information on the homepage of the University of Pisa with excavation reports as PDF files
- Homepage of the Italian Mission to Oman
- Article on the homepage of the University of Bern
- Homepage of the State of Oman
Individual evidence
- ↑ Land of Frankincense. UNSECO World Heritace Center, accessed on May 28, 2017 (English).