Kirishima (volcano)

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Kirishima
South side of the volcanic group from Maruoka, Yokogawa, Kirishima

South side of the volcanic group of Maruoka, Yokogawa , Kirishima from

Highest peak Karakuni-dake ( 1700  m )
location Kagoshima and Miyazaki Prefectures , Japan
Kirishima (Japan)
Kirishima
Coordinates 31 ° 56 ′  N , 130 ° 52 ′  E Coordinates: 31 ° 56 ′  N , 130 ° 52 ′  E
Type Volcanic group
Age of the rock 300,000 years
surface 20 × 30 km²
North side of the volcanic group from Ebino

North side of the volcano group of Ebino from

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Kirishima ( Japanese 霧 島 山 , -yama ) is a group of more than 20 volcanoes in the prefectures of Kagoshima and Miyazaki on Kyushu in Japan . The highest peak is the 1,700 meter high Karakuni-dake .

The Kirishima Mountains, along with Yaku Island, are part of the Kirishima Kinkōwan National Park .

geology

f1Georeferencing Map with all coordinates: OSM | WikiMap

The group consists of various stratovolcanoes , pyroclastic cones , maars and underlying shield volcanoes .

The basement of the group are the paleogenic Shimanto supergroup and the Pleistocene Kakutō volcanic rocks. Kirishima volcanoes are all volcanoes younger than the 280,000 ± 130,000 to 310,000 ± 120,000 year old Kakutō ignimbrite ( 加 久 藤 火 砕 流 , Kakutō kasairyū ). The oldest volcanoes include:

This is followed as the next layer by the 22,000-year-old Ito-Ignimbrite ( 入 戸 火 砕 流 , Ito kasairyū ) and as volcanoes:

The youngest volcanoes and maars after the 6,300 year old Akahoya ash layer ( ア カ ホ ヤ 火山灰 , Akahoya kazanbai ) are:

  • Fudō-ike

  • Hinamori-dake

  • Karakuni-dake

  • Koshiki-dake (back) and Rokkannon-miike (front)

  • Kurino-dake (back) and Sendai River (front)

  • Ohachi

  • Ōnami-ike

  • Shinmoe-dake, July 2008

  • Shiratori-yama (back) and Byakushi-ike (front)

  • Takachiho-no-mine (back) and Miike (front)

Volcanism

More than 50 eruptions have been recorded since 742.

The most active volcanoes are the

  • Ohachi with eruptions 788 (with lava flows, pyroclastic flows and pyroclastic falling deposits ), 1235, 1566, 1706, 1895 (with slag and pyroclastic falling deposits), 1896 (one dead), 1900 (two dead) and 1923 (one dead) as well as the
  • Shinmoe-dake with eruptions from 1637, 1716 to 1717 (with pyroclastic flows, mud floods and pyroclastic fall deposits in the 60 people who perished), 1771 to 1772 (with slag, ash rain, pyroclastic flows and mud floods), 1959 ( phreatic explosion ), 1991 and 2011.

literature

  • Ryusuke Imura: Eruptive History of the Kirishima Volcano During the Past 22,000 Years . In: Geographical Reports of Tokyo Metropolitan University . No. 27 , 1992, pp. 71-89 ( hdl: 10748/3644 ).

Web links

Commons : Kirishima Mountains  - Collection of Images, Videos, and Audio Files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Imura: Eruptive History of the Kirishima Volcano During the Past 22,000 Years . P. 75
  2. ↑ a b c Imura: Eruptive History of the Kirishima Volcano During the Past 22,000 Years . P. 74
  3. ↑ 鹿 児 島 県 地域 防災 計画 火山 災害 対 策 編 第 2 部 霧 島 山 . (PDF, 2 MB) (No longer available online.) Kagoshima Prefecture, pp. 2-1-8 , archived from the original on September 2, 2016 ; Retrieved September 2, 2016 (Japanese). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.pref.kagoshima.jp
  4. ↑ 宮 崎 県 地域 防災 計画 (霧 島 山 火山 災害 対 策 計画) . (PDF, 3 MB) (No longer available online.) Miyazaki Prefecture, p. 14 , archived from the original on August 31, 2016 ; Retrieved September 2, 2016 (Japanese). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.pref.miyazaki.lg.jp
  5. ↑ Eruption of Shinmoe-dake (a stratovolcano of the Kirishima volcano group), Japan, 2011. In: 地震 ・ 火山 の 科学 を も っ と 身 近 に! . Outreach and Public Relations Office, University of Tokyo, January 27, 2011, accessed September 2, 2016 .