Smock kettle
A Kittel boiler was a type of steam boiler for generating steam for the operation of Kittel steam railcars and other steam-powered vehicles. It got its name from Eugen Kittel , the supreme machine master of the Royal Württemberg State Railways . In contrast to conventional steam locomotive boilers , the standing arrangement in the car is striking. It was a heating tube kettle with a corrugated barrel fire box.
construction
The Kittel-Kessel originated at the time when steam railcars appeared in small numbers as a means of transport on branch lines in Germany. The boiler was specially designed for use by the Royal Württemberg State Railways with its feed water, which deposited a lot of scale . Other boiler designs, such as the Serpollet boiler or the Komarek boiler, were provided with numerous seals or closures and were less suitable for this task due to their tendency towards limescale deposits . The smock boiler was, in contrast to the boilers developed later on steam rail cars, relatively easy to operate and maintain.
The boiler consists of a welded bottom section with a corrugated barrel fire box built into it . Connected to it via a double-flanged flat ring is an excess diameter which is significantly larger. This is riveted to the slightly curved pipe wall on the top. The excess has been enlarged in diameter to achieve a large evaporation surface, the boiler feed water is up to half its height. The shortfall has been widened towards the bottom in order to achieve the largest possible grate surface. It is almost completely filled by the heating pipes at its entire height. This arrangement has the effect that with alternating operation and irregular boiler water feed this suffers only minor fluctuations. As a result, the controls of the water level in the boiler were kept within reasonable limits. The difference in diameter between the excess and the excess means that the water space is rather small at 750 l, but the steam space is relatively large.
The heating tube bundle consists of 324 smooth tubes with a diameter of 28/44 mm made of mild steel . There are also six pipes with a diameter of 40/45 mm, evenly distributed around the circumference, through which hot gases are fed directly to the superheater . The smoke chamber is placed above the upper section, and the triple-wound superheater is also installed in it; it is made from one piece without seals. The heating gases are fed in from the middle part of the heating pipes via a conical baffle plate. The triple coiled superheater coil is resiliently mounted in the smoke chamber. This ensures that the pipes cannot become significantly clogged with fly ash and extinguishing . The steam is thoroughly mixed and evenly superheated by the repeated diversion in the superheater. The smoke chamber door is designed to be tiltable on the roof. After opening the roof and removing the baffle plate, the superheater coil and the heating pipes can be removed upwards.
There is a main extraction and shut-off valve on the boiler, to which the superheater coil and then the inlet pipe are connected. This leads to a flat slide valve located under the floor. To feed the boiler two are ejectors of Friedmann used. The feed valves are located on the flanged edge of the upper section. This is where the removal of the solid constituents contained in the feed water can be carried out most easily. For this purpose, there are two large cleaning hatches at this point. Eight wash hatches and 17 wash bolts offer the possibility of thorough cleaning. The upper section offers enough space for the usual fittings of the boiler equipment. The entire boiler is attached to the frame of the vehicle with eight screws and can be lifted out after removing a side part of the cab wall. The empty weight of the boiler is 3,526 kg, of which the superheater tubes only take up 109 kg.
A railcar equipped with a Kittel boiler has been preserved to this day: the UeBB CZm 1/2 , which is now operated by SBB Historic . The KL2 small locomotive with a smock boiler is on display in the German Museum of Technology in Berlin .
Technical data of the boiler
| Technical size | unit | value |
|---|---|---|
| Boiler output | PS | 80 |
| Fire-contact heating surface of the fire box | m 2 | 3.155 |
| Fire-contact heating surface of the heating pipes | m 2 | 22.345 |
| Total fire-contact heating surface of the boiler | m 2 | 25.5 |
| Fire-contact dryer heating surface of the 330 heating tubes | m 2 | 4.967 |
| Total heating surface of the boiler without superheater | m 2 | 30.467 |
| Heating surface of the superheater | m 2 | 4,628 |
| Total heating surface of the boiler with superheater | m 2 | 35.095 |
| Grate surface | m 2 | 0.712 |
| Mass of the empty kettle with all accessories | kg | 3,526 |
| Water content | kg | 780 |
| Dimensions of the operational boiler | kg | 4,806 |
| Ratio of heating area / grate area | 49.3 |
literature
- Werner Willhaus: Kittel steam railcar . EK-Verlag, Freiburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-88255-106-8 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Werner Willhaus: Kittel steam railcar . EK-Verlag, Freiburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-88255-106-8 , p. 39.
- ↑ a b c Werner Willhaus: Kittel steam railcar . EK-Verlag, Freiburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-88255-106-8 , p. 40.
- ↑ Werner Willhaus: Kittel steam railcar . EK-Verlag, Freiburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-88255-106-8 , p. 30.