Klausbrunnen (Kallmuth)
The Klausbrunnen is located 700 m east of the village of Kallmuth in North Rhine-Westphalia and was a well room at the foot of the valley slope on the edge of the floodplain of the Kallmuther Bach. He was not examinable along with another now located on the other side of the valley spring tapping, directing them probably already to the channel CA Eick mentioned, one of the sources of the Eifel Aqueduct , the Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium , the ancient Cologne , supplied with drinking water.
The floor of the well room reached a depth of about 3 m below the surface of the site and had a rectangular floor plan with the clear dimensions of 3.5 m × 5.8 m. The foundation of the walls of the structure consisted of sandstone blocks. On the south-western side facing the valley slope, there were gate-like openings in the three sandstone blocks, and in between - the sandstone foundation is missing - mortarless wall parts through which the spring water could flow into the well room. Water could also flow in through a corresponding mortarless wall section on the north-western wall, one of the two narrower sides of the well room. The outflow ensured a constant water level of 30 cm, so that the water in the well room could clear through the slow flow rate (as in the well room at Grünen Pütz).
The water first flowed into a small sandstone basin, which was probably used to calm the water, before the actual canal began. After about 3.5 m, the line from the Grüner Pütz , which was built later, hit the line. The bottom of this canal was about 60 cm higher than the canal beginning at the Klausbrunnen, so that the water first had to pass a small stilling basin .
The Roman origin of the Klausbrunnens was only proven by excavations in 1953, after the spring dried up in 1948, caused by the lead mining in Mechernich. The restored Klausbrunnen has been accessible to interested parties since 1957 and is located in a protective structure.
literature
- CA Eick : The Roman aqueduct from the Eifel to Cologne with regard to the Roman settlements, fortifications and military roads that were initially located. A contribution to antiquity in the Rhineland. With a card. Max Cohen & Sohn, Bonn 1867, p. 52 .
- Waldemar Haberey : The Roman water pipes to Cologne. The technology of water supply in an ancient city (= art and antiquity on the Rhine. No. 37). 2nd Edition. Rheinland-Verlag u. a., Bonn 1972, ISBN 3-7927-0146-4 , p. 56 ff.
- Waldemar Haberey: The Roman Eifel aqueduct to Cologne. In: Northeastern Eifel foreland - Euskirchen, Zülpich, Bad Münstereifel, Blankenheim. Part I: Introductory essays (= Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz et al. (Hrsg.): Guide to prehistoric and early historical monuments. Volume 25). Verlag Philipp von Zabern, Mainz am Rhein 1974, p. 76 ff.
- Klaus Grewe : Atlas of the Roman water pipes to Cologne (= Rhenish excavations. Volume 26). With contributions by Werner Brinker, Günther Garbrecht, Hansgerd Hellenkemper , Heinz-Otto Lamprecht, Horst D. Schulz , Edgar Thofern. Rheinland Verlag, Cologne 1986, ISBN 3-7927-0868-X , p. 61 ff.
- Klaus Grewe: Aqueducts. Water for Rome's cities. The big overview - from the Roman Canal to the aqueduct marble. Regionalia Verlag, Rheinbach 2014, ISBN 978-3-95540-127-6 , p. 262 ff.
- Klaus Grewe: The Römerkanalwanderweg. An archaeological hiking guide (= guide to archaeological monuments in the Rhineland. Volume 1). Text tape. Landschaftsverband Rheinland, Cologne 1988, ISBN 3-921805-16-3 , p. 78 ff.
- Klaus Grewe, Manfred Knauff: The long leadership of the Romans. The Römerkanal hiking trail Nettersheim-Cologne. Publisher: Eifelverein eV 1st edition 2012. ISBN 978-3-921805-81-7 , p. 158 ff.
- Rudolf Pörtner : With the elevator to Roman times . Cities and sites of early German history. Econ Verlag, Düsseldorf / Vienna 1959, ISBN 3-430-17529-1 , p. 434 ff .
Web links
Coordinates: 50 ° 33 ′ 9 ″ N , 6 ° 37 ′ 45 ″ E