Gnadental Monastery (Neuss)

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Cistercian convent Gnadental
Gnadental Monastery during the Truchsessian War, contemporary illustration
Gnadental Monastery during the Truchsessian War, contemporary illustration
location Germany
 North Rhine-Westphalia
  Neuss
Coordinates: 51 ° 10 '21.2 "  N , 6 ° 42' 54.6"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 10 '21.2 "  N , 6 ° 42' 54.6"  E
Patronage St. Mary
founding year not after 1250
Year of dissolution /
annulment 		1802

Monastery Gnadental is a former monastery of Cistercian nuns , whose remains today on the edge of Neuss district Gnadental at the Erft located.

history

The monastery is likely to have been founded in the second quarter of the 13th century - probably by a knight Hermann von Forst, who provided the land - and owes its origin to the religious women's movement of the High Middle Ages. A certificate of indulgence from 1250 attests to the existence of the Cistercian convent ad Vallem gratie (Gnadental). In 1252 the nuns were placed under the supervision of the Cistercian monastery in Heisterbach , which was confirmed by the general chapter of the order in 1310.

Around 1420, the Heisterbach abbot reformed the run-down community. Isolated reports in the early modern period show that the cloister and monastic discipline were observed.

In the course of the 16th century, Gnadental became a noble monastery that no longer accepted any commoners. In the 17th and 18th centuries, the convent probably did not have much more than about 10 women.

On July 29, 1474, the first day of the siege of Neuss , the monastery was plundered and devastated by Burgundian mercenaries. During the Truchsessian War of 1585/86, a troop of Elector Ernst holed up in the monastery complex. During the siege of Neuss in 1586, Alexander Farnese of Parma set up his headquarters in the monastery. His victory ceremony took place here on August 1st, 1586.

In autumn 1794 the Gnadental Cistercian Sisters fled from the advancing French and had to sell the silver implements they had taken with them for their livelihood abroad. In 1802 the monastery was closed. The monastery church consecrated to Mary was subsequently demolished (the seal of the abbey also showed the Mother of God).

The Gnadental estate is located on the site today and only shows minor traces of the monastic past. Since 1996 it has been the headquarters of the Zülow company, which built a small chapel in the inner courtyard in memory of the monastery, the altarpiece of which was created by the Neuss artist Dieter Patt.

  • Gut Gnadental. Gatehouse

  • Memorial stone Monastery Gnadental

literature

  • Karl Tücking: Congregations to Neuss apart from the Quirinus pen . Neuss 1887, pp. 141-148 ULB Düsseldorf .
  • The art monuments of the Neuss district . Düsseldorf 1895, p. 89 MDZ Munich .
  • August Franzen (Ed.): The visitation protocols of the first post-Tridentine visitation in the archbishopric of Cologne under Salentin von Isenburg in 1569 . Bonn 1960, pp. 270-272 (not viewed).
  • Friedrich Wilhelm Oediger: Abbey and monastery archives. Inventory overviews. The Main State Archives Düsseldorf and its holdings IV . Siegburg 1964, pp. 254–255 (updated online version in the finding aid of the monastery archive ).
  • Erich Wisplinghoff: History of the city of Neuss, Bd. 4: The church Neuss until 1814. Parish relationships and spiritual institutes . Neuss 1989, pp. 193-208 (fundamental).
  • Anja Ostrowitzki: The spread of the Cistercian women in the Archdiocese of Cologne . Cologne 1993, pp. 20, 52, 59, 73, 76, 100, 103, 107, 122, 133, 137 f., 150, 183 (not viewed).
  • Klaus Reinecke: Gnadental . In: Peter Pfister (Ed.): Monastery guides of all Cistercian monasteries in German-speaking countries . 2nd ed. Strasbourg. 1998, p. 327 (not viewed).
  • Sabine Sauer: On the Roman and monastic past of Gut Gnadental. An archaeological contribution . In: Yearbook for the Rhein-Kreis Neuss 2006 (published 2005), pp. 16–23 (not viewed).

Web links

Commons : Gnadental Monastery (Neuss)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The regests of the Archbishops of Cologne in the Middle Ages . Vol. 3.1 (1909), No. 1560 University Library Cologne .
  2. ^ Document book of Heisterbach Abbey (1908), No. 123 Internet Archive , No. 222.
  3. ↑ Chronicle of the Kamp Monastery, ed. by Hermann Keussen. In: Annals of the Historical Association for the Lower Rhine 20 (1869), p. 334 Google Books .
  4. ↑ https://www.zuelow.de/ueber-zuelow/gut-gnadental-neuss/ with numerous pictures of the system.