Padise Monastery
| Padise Cistercian Abbey | |
|---|---|
 Padise Monastery |
|
| location |
 Estonia
|
| Coordinates: | 59 ° 13 '39.4 " N , 24 ° 8' 26.3" E |
| founding year | 1317, previously a priory |
| Year of dissolution / annulment |
1559 |
| Mother monastery |
Stolpe Monastery since 1319 |
| Primary Abbey | Morimond Monastery |
|
Daughter monasteries |
no |
The Padise Monastery (Padis; Estonian : Padise klooster ) is a former Cistercian abbey in Padise ( Lääne-Harju municipality ) in Harju County in Estonia .
history
In Padise there had been a priory of the Daugavgrīva monastery (Dünamünde) near Riga since 1254 , which was already wealthy there in the first half of the 13th century. A two-bay chapel with rib vaults was built around 1250. When the monastery in Dünamünde was sold to the Livonian branch of the Teutonic Order in 1305 , the monks moved to Padise in 1310. From 1317 the monastery was with the permission of the Danish King Erik VI. attached. In the uprising of the Estonian peasants on St. George's Night in 1343, 28 monks, lay brothers and knights were killed and the mostly wooden monastery was burned down. After the suppression of the uprising, the expansion of the monastery was continued from 1370, which was subordinated to the Stolpe monastery in Western Pomerania as an independent abbey in 1317 and thus belonged to the filiation of the Morimond primary abbey . In 1351 King Magnus Eriksson granted the monastery the salmon fishery and church patronage in the extensive parish of Porvoo in Finland from the Helsinge River to the Kymmene River, which was bought back in 1428 by the bishop and cathedral chapter of Turku . The expansion was completed by 1448. By 1400 the monastery owned large estates in Estonia and southern Finland . However, the decline began around 1500. After the monastery survived the Reformation, it was occupied by the Livonian branch of the Teutonic Order in 1558 and dissolved in 1559. Subsequently, the monastery was used as a fortress, which was occupied by Swedish troops in 1561 and Russian troops in 1576. During the reconquest by the Swedes in 1580, the facility was damaged. In 1622 it was given to the mayor of Riga, Thomas Ramm , in whose family it remained until 1919. After the facility was damaged by lightning in 1766, a classicist manor was built nearby. The preserved buildings were secured in 1930. In 1997 the von Ramm family bought the manor back and set up a hotel.
Buildings and plant
The monastery complex is largely in ruins. The single-nave former church has four bays with a tower offset to the northwest. The former enclosure is arranged around a square courtyard in the south of the church. The small chapter house is in the east wing, the refectory in the south wing. A cellar occupies the west wing.
Abbots
- 1317? –1320 John
- 1321-1326? Evert (Egbert)
- 1328 Nicholas
- 1331 Egbert
- 1339 John
- 1341-1345 Nicholas
- 1345 John
- 1346-1352 Nicholas
- 1364–1376 Nikolaus Risebit
- 1379-1388 Bertold
- 1392-1398 John
- 1402? –1403 Kurt Kröpelin
- 1407-1413? John
- 1415-1418 Konrad
- 1423–1431 Tidemann
- 1436-1438 Werner
- 1441 Michael
- 1447? -1453 Johannes Grues
- 1451-1453 Johannes Urader
- 1454 Nicholas
- 1478 Tidemann
- 1488-1489 Johannes Vlemynck
- 1491 Georg Kone
- 1492 Heinrich Warnsbeck
- 1493–1504 Michael Sasse
- 1506 Johannes von der Heyde
- 1509–1524 Georg Karnip
- 1524–1543 Eberhard Sunnenschin
- 1544–1553 Ludwig Duchscherer
- 1555–1559 Georg Conradi
Individual evidence
- ^ Henrik Lilius / Rudolf Zeitler: Reclams Art Guide Finland, Stuttgart 1985: Philipp Reclam jun., ISBN 3-15-010334-7
literature
- Schneider, Ambrosius: Lexical overview of the male monasteries of the Cistercians in the German language and culture , in: Schneider, Ambrosius; Wienand, Adam; Bickel, Wolfgang; Coester, Ernst (Ed.): Die Cistercienser, Geschichte - Geist - Kunst , 3rd edition, Wienand Verlag Cologne 1986, p. 683, ISBN 3-87909-132-3 ;
- Anselme Dimier : L'art cistercien hors de France . Zodiaque, La Pierre-qui-Vire, 1971, pp. 56-57.
- Altoa / Vasilievs / Minkevičius Kunstdenkmäler Baltic States, Edition Leipzig, Leipzig 1996, pp. 331–332, ISBN 3-361-00384-9 .
Web links
- Community website
- [1]
- Harjumaa Museum website
- Padise Monastery and Manor (Estonian)
- Images of the Padise Monastery
- Manor Padise Hotel website