Sconamora Monastery

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The domain of Kloster Schoo in 2012

Monastery Sconamora was possibly the Maria consecrated monastery of Premonstratensians in Kloster Schoo in East Friesland .

history

The Premonstratensians founded Sconamora in the middle of the 13th century as a daughter monastery of Bloemhof in Wittewierum (east of Groningen ). The monastery was about six kilometers southwest of Esens . There the Premonstratensians built their first buildings on a Geest island that was completely surrounded by moors . Traces of previous settlement have not yet been found there. Possibly it was built on the old Premonstratensian property and, along with the land, also took over the official duties of the surrounding villages. In the immediate vicinity, about 1.4 kilometers away, was the Oldekloster founded by Benedictines , which may have been a predecessor of the Marienkamp monastery .

Much of the history of Sconamora is unknown. The archive and library have been lost. It is mentioned in the Bloemhof monastery chronicle in connection with a storm surge in 1287. Three years later, Sconamora is said to have had 20 members on a visitation. That is a small number even for the often very small abbeys in East Frisia. In 1320 Sconamora is mentioned again as a daughter monastery of Wittewierum. At the beginning of the 15th century, the Premonstratensians must have given up Sconamora. The reasons for this are probably to be found in the great poverty of the settlement, so that the religious were no longer able to keep their settlement.

In 1425 Arnold Creveld, Prior zu Marienkamp, ​​reported that he had bought the abandoned monastery. The Augustinian canons then continued to operate it as a Vorwerk of Marienkamp. Through the secularization in the 16th century, it came into the possession of the East Frisian count and was converted into a domain that was only privatized at the beginning of the 20th century. The buildings are no longer preserved today. The Schoo domain exists there today .

It is unclear what the monastery once looked like. No excavations have taken place on the desert to date. A large number of cloister format stones should be found in the ground. The remains of two fish ponds have been preserved around 100 meters east and 150 meters north of the former monastery. About 500 meters to the east stood the natural monument "Old Oak", a Hude tree that was presumably a later domain. In June 2019, the natural monument could not withstand a summer storm and fell over. It was considered the "last living tree of Schooer wood, which was already mentioned in sources from the 16th century".

Economic activity

Due to its size, Sconamora was one of the less important monasteries in East Frisia. It was also separated from the main traffic axes by bogs. The inmates may have dug a depression towards Bensersiel so that they could drain the land before cultivation. Further traces of economic activity are the remains of two fish ponds, medieval vaulting bakers , a Hudewald and a brick factory.

Sconamora must have developed well after being converted into a Marienkamp plant. The livestock was a considerable size. During the Saxon feud in 1516 , the count's troops stole a total of 180 animals.

literature

  • Axel Heinze: Schooling . In: Josef Dolle with the collaboration of Dennis Kniehauer (Ed.): Lower Saxony Monastery Book. Directory of the monasteries, monasteries, comedians and beguinages in Lower Saxony and Bremen from the beginnings to 1810 . Part 3, Bielefeld 2012, ISBN 3-89534-959-3 , p. 1358 f.
  • Werner Löhnertz: Steinfeld Monastery and its East Frisian daughter monasteries. Notes on the beginnings of the Premonstratensians in Friesland . In: Yearbook of the Society for Fine Art and Patriotic Antiquities in Emden 73/74, 1993/94, pp. 5-42

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gerhard Streich: Monasteries, monasteries and comers in Lower Saxony before the Reformation , in: Publication of the Historical Commission for Lower Saxony and Bremen, II: Studies and preparations for the Historical Atlas Lower Saxony, 30th issue, Hildesheim 1986, ISBN 3-7848-2005- 0 , p. 118
  2. ↑ a b c Axel Heinze: Schooling . In: Josef Dolle with the collaboration of Dennis Kniehauer (Ed.): Lower Saxony Monastery Book. Directory of the monasteries, monasteries, comedians and beguinages in Lower Saxony and Bremen from the beginnings to 1810 . Part 3, Bielefeld 2012, ISBN 3-89534-959-3 , p. 1358 f.
  3. ↑ Axel Heinze: Kloster Schoo  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed November 20, 2012.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.kloester-in-der-samtgemeinde-esens.kge-mediaworld.de  
  4. ↑ "Thick Oak" in the Schooer Forest is history. Accessed June 21, 2019 (German).

Coordinates: 53 ° 36 ′ 13.3 "  N , 7 ° 34 ′ 40.8"  E