Koishikawa Kōrakuen

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Aerial view of Koishikawa Kōrakuen

The Koishikawa Korakuen ( Japanese 小石川後楽園 ) is an urban park (7 hectares) in the district of Koraku Bunkyō (formerly Koishikawa ), Tokyo , from the garden of the former city residence of Mito - han emerged.

history

The garden plan (see gardens)

The system of Koishikawa Kōrakuen was started by the first head of the house of the Mito branch of the Tokugawa , Tokugawa Yorifusa , in 1629, but only completed under his grandson Tokugawa Mitsukuni in 1669 with the help of the scholar Zhu Shunshui ( 朱 舜 水 , 1600–1682), who fled from China .

The name kōraku for "post-enjoyment" is a quote from Chinese scriptures, where en means "garden".

The Kōrakuen is the oldest convertible garden-style complex in Tokyo. The center of such gardens is almost always a pond system that is fed by running water. Together with artificial hills, a miniature landscape is created that invites you to stroll through.

Overview

The Kōrakuen contains allusions to Chinese and Japanese landscapes, the latter especially in relation to Kyōto . The “reproduced” Chinese landscapes include, for example, the small Lu mountain , the famous dam through the West Lake . The island of the lucky ones, Hōrai Island, is located in the central body of water. And so that no one is neglected, there is a shrine on the heights of the island, which is dedicated to the goddess Benzaiten . The allusions to Kyoto include the Tōgetsu Bridge, the Tsuten Bridge, the Ōi River and the Kiyomizu Temple . Copied from the mountains behind Osaka is the Tatsuta River, which is famous for its maple trees, and the Kiso River from Central Japan . The semicircle of the stone Engetsu Bridge forms a full moon = Engetsu with its mirror image. The residence used to begin on the somewhat separated part of the garden. It was long gone and is now occupied by the Tokyo Dome , a covered baseball stadium.

The Koishikawa, a small stream that gave the area its name, provides this garden with water before the Naruto Whirlpools (this is the swirl in the eastern strait between Shikoku and the main island) passes, and ultimately into the Sumida River enters .

In 1952 the complex was declared a special historical site ( tokubetsu shiseki ).

The gardens

(The numbers refer to the garden plan shown.)

  1. 涵 徳 亭 門 （西門） , Kantokutei-mon (Saimon): Gate at the Kantoku pavilion (west entrance)
  2. 庭園 事務所 , Teien-jimusho: garden management
  3. 菊 形 手 水 鉢 , Kikugata chōzu-bachi: hand wash basin in the shape of a chrysanthemum
  4. 涵 徳 亭 , Kantoku-tei: Kantoku pavilion
  5. 鉄 砲 垣 , Teppō-gaki: "rifle fence"
  6. 桃山 形 灯 篭 , Momoyama-gata tōrō: Momoyama-style stone lantern
  7. 飾 手 水 鉢 , Kazari chōzu-bachi: decorated hand basin
  8. 枯 滝 , Kare-taki: Dry waterfall
  9. 雪見 灯 篭 , Yukimi- dōrō : Yukimi-style stone lantern
  10. 陽 石 , Yōseki: Male stone
  11. 枝 垂 桜 , Eda dare sakura: hanging cherry
  12. 陰 石 , inski: female stone
  13. 水 掘 れ 石 , Mizu-bore ishi |: water drop stone
  14. 小 廬山 , Shō Ro-san: Little Lu Shan , China
  15. 渡 月 橋 , Togetsukyō: moon bridge, Kyōto
  16. 西湖 堤 , Saiko tei: Dam in the West Lake , China
  17. 屏風 岩 , Byōbu iwa: "stone curtain"
  18. 大 堰 川 , Ōigawa: River in Kyōto
  19. 清水 観 音 堂 跡 , Kiyomizu kannondō ato: Remains of the Kannon Hall, Kiyomizu-dera , Kyōto
  20. 通 天橋 , Tsūtenkyō: "Bridge to Heaven", Kyōto
  21. 沢 渡 り , Sawatari: step stones to cross shallow water
  22. 音 羽 滝 , Otowa no taki: allusion to the Otowa waterfall on the northern trans of Kyōto
  23. 得 仁 堂 , Tokujindō: Confucian shrine
  24. 丸 屋 の 跡 , Maroya no ato, traces of a hut "Maroya" that is covered with straw / reeds
  25. 蓮 の 池 , Hasu ike: lotus pond
  26. 一 つ 松 , Hitotsu matsu: single red pine
  27. 沢 渡 り , Sawatari: step stones to cross shallow water
  28. 白 糸 滝 , Shiraito no taki: "White thread waterfall"
  29. 伽藍 石 , Garan seki: base stones of temple columns
  30. 松林 , Matsubayashi: pine forest
  31. 円 月 橋 , Engetsukyō: stone "full moon bridge"
  32. 愛 宕 坂 , Atago saka: stone stairs to the Atago shrine, Kyōto, Edo
  33. 八卦 堂 跡 , Hakkedō ato: traces of the Hakke pavilion
  34. 小 町 塚 , Komachi-zuka: hill for Ono no Komachi
  35. 梅林 , Bairin: plum forest
  36. 琴 画 亭 跡 , Kingatei ato: traces of the Kinga Pavilion
  37. 八 つ 橋 , Yatsubashi: flat bridge in a zigzag shape
  38. 石橋 , Ishibashi: stone bridge made of Nebukawa stone ( 根 府 川 石 )
  39. 不 老 の 水 , Furō no mizu: spring water of eternal youth
  40. 藤 棚 , Fujidana: Wisteria trellis
  41. 1 花 菖蒲 田 , Hanashōbu-en: Iris field
  42. 稲 田 , Inada: field for planting rice
  43. 九八 屋 , kuhachi ya: "nine-eight pavilion" (rural sake bar)
  44. 遠 州 形 灯 篭 . Enshū-gata dōrō: Stone lantern in the style of Kobori Enshū
  45. 船 着 場 , Funatsukiba: dock for boats
  46. 異形 灯 篭 , Ikei-dōrō: irregular stone lantern
  47. 蓬莱 島 , Hōraijima: Island with the Mountain of the Blessed ( Penglai , China)
  48. 弁 財 天 祠 , Benzaitenshi: Shrine for Benzaites
  49. 瘞 鶏 碑 , Eiyō-hi: Monument to the falcon of the 7th ruler of the fief Mito
  50. 竹 生 島 , Chikubu-shima: Island in the north of the Bivouac
  51. 鳴 門 , Naruto : Sea vortex between Shikoku and Awajishima:
  52. 唐門 跡 , Karamon ato: traces of the gate in the Karamon style
  53. 内 庭 , Naitei: Inner garden
  54. 正門 （東門） , Seimon (Higashimon): Old main entrance (east gate), but closed
  55. 記念 碑 , Kinenhi: Monument with the floor plan of the Mito fiefdom's secondary residence
  56. 延 段 , Nobedan: steps covered with tiles
  57. 寝 覚 滝 , Nezame no taki: "Waterfall for / when waking up", on the Kiso / river
  58. 木 曽 川 , Kisogawa: important river in Hida Province
  59. 白雲嶺 , Hakuun-rei: Hill "White Clouds"
  60. 紅葉 林 , Momiji-bayashi: autumn foliage grove
  61. 徳 大寺 石 , Tokudaiji-seki: stone of / from Tokudai-ji
  62. 竜 田 川 , Tatsutagawa: allusion to the Tatsuda River
  63. 帛 (幣) 橋 , Nusabashi: stone bridge
  64. 駐 歩 泉 , Chūhosen: stopping at the water
  65. 歌 碑 , Uta ishibumi: Monument to Waka
  66. 西行 堂 跡 , Saigyō-dō ato: traces of the Saigyō's hut
  67. 朝鮮 燈籠 , Chōsen tōrō: Korean stone lantern

gallery

  • Small mountain Lu

  • Shiraito waterfall.jpg

  • "Eight Bridge" (Yatsuhashi)

  • Kiyomizu Kannon-do and Tsutenbashi (model)

  • View of Horaijima

  • View of Horaijima

  • Engetsu Bridge

  • Tsūten Bridge

  • Koshikawa Kourakuen Sakura.JPG

Characteristics

  • Carrier: Tokyo Prefecture. Entry is charged.
  • Opening: April 3, 1938.
  • Area: 70,847.17 m², 1,300 m² of which is lawn.
  • Tree population: 4030 trees, 168 bushy (1995).
  • Attachments: Space available for meetings: Kantokutei.
  • Awards: "Special historical traces" ( 特別 史跡 ), "Special scenic sight" ( 特別 名勝 )

literature

  • Tōkyō-to kōen kyōkai (Ed.): Koishikawa Kōrakuen , before 1985, 16 pp. [In Japanese]
  • Leaflet yum garden, 2007
  • Tokyo-to rekishi kyoiku kenkyukai (ed.): Tokyo-to no rekishi sampo (chu). Yamakawa Shuppan, 2000. ISBN 978-4-634-29630-5 . Pp. 149-150.

Web links

Commons : Koishikawa Korakuen  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Based on a waka by Saigyō.
  2. ↑ Yatsu is the number eight, but the name does not refer to the number, but to the form 八 .

Coordinates: 35 ° 42 ′ 20 "  N , 139 ° 44 ′ 57"  E