Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego Bielszowice
The Bielschowitz mine (Polish Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego Bielszowice ) is an active coal mine of the Polska Grupa Górnicza in the Bielszowice district of Ruda Śląska , Poland. On July 1, 2016, it lost its independence and is now an operation within the Ruda hard coal mine .
history
The mine has two roots. On the one 1887 took over the Prussian mountain treasury of Prince Guido Henckel von Donnersmarck operated since 1872 mine Guido (1.04 square kilometers), the other a reserve field of 7 sq km size was Queen Luise transferred to the new mine.
Guido Pit
The expansion of rail connections since the middle of the 19th century and the demand for products from the iron and steel industry led to a rapid increase in the demand for coal, which in 1855 prompted Count Guido Henckel von Donnersmarck to found a coal mine in Zabrze. The mine got his name.
Numerous problems were associated with the sinking of the two shafts “Railway” and “Guido”. The "railway shaft" first encountered floating sand and later a fault, which meant that after 30 m, the sinking was interrupted. In the meantime, the Guido shaft had been sunk further and the first level had been laid at a depth of 80 m, but faults occurred here too. In 1862, Guido broke through a water-bearing layer at a depth of 117 m and was flooded. In order to receive the investment capital for the further devices, Count Henckel von Donnersmarck founded a new operating company together with the Oberschlesische Eisenbahn Gesellschaft (Obereisen).
In 1870, the "Guido" swamp and its further sinking down to a depth of 170 m began, in order to then resume mining in 1872 at the 80-meter level. The largest amount of coal, over 312,976 tons of coal, was mined in 1885. In the years 1885–1887, Count Guido sold the mine to the Prussian Treasury and it was connected to the state-run Queen Luise mine . Since the coal deposits on the 170-meter level were already exhausted, Queen Luise began to establish a connection with the 320-meter level.
In the vicinity of the “Guido” shaft, a blind shaft was broken open and the “railway shaft” deepened. In 1890 it reached the depth of 320 m. In 1912, the Guido mine with the newly built Delbrück mine and its coking plant were placed under the administration of the Royal Mine Directorate 3 in Bielschowitz / Bielszowice.
In 1928 the “Guido” shaft was closed and the “Railway” shaft was no longer used as a production shaft. However, it remained in use as a cable car and material shaft. Pumps for the drainage of the entire mine were installed in the 170-meter level.
After 1945 the Delbrück mine was renamed Makoszowy and the Guido mine lost its importance. There was an upturn only in 1967, when the M-300 test mine was built, in which new mining equipment and machines were tested and, at the same time, coal was mined on a small scale.
Bielschowitz / Rheinbaben colliery
When the Royal Mining Directorate 3 was founded in Bielschowitz with an area of 34.26 km², the fields "Makoschau" (2.19 km²), "Makoschau II" (0.90 km²), "German Unity" (2.19 km²) also belonged to the fields km²), "Monopol" (2.19 km²) and "Monopoly II" (1.89 km²) to the mine, all of which were separated from 1900 and added to the Delbrück (later Makoszowy ) tax mine . Today the colliery covers 28.4 km² or 34.1 km², whereby it should be noted that at Bielszowice in 1976 larger parts of the eastern field were struck by Queen Luise .
The Rheinbaben mine in Bielschowitz initially had two shafts, with the sinking of "Shaft I" in 1896 and that of "Shaft II" in 1897. "Shaft I" came into production in 1904 after the colliery had received a siding the year before. First of all, the weather bed was opened at 120 m and the first underground level was set at 160 m, from which the 3-4 m thick Antonie seam was mined. A second excavation level was added later at 240 m. Shaft II was sunk directly to a depth of 290 m and was also used for dewatering. As early as 1899, a weather shaft (123 m deep) went into operation in the northern part of the field. Until 1912, Rheinbaben only uncovered hanging, non-coking coal, while the Delbrück I / II double-shaft system was producing coking coal from the start.
Even before the division of Upper Silesia , Skarboferm leased the mine for 36 years in 1921, even though the completion of the division and the Second World War soon made this lease contract obsolete.
During the Second World War, the name of the mine was changed to Rheinbabenschächte and operations were carried out by Preussag .
CHP Bielszowice
From 1945 to 1957 the mine belonged to the Gliwice Union for the coal industry; on January 1, 1976, it was joined with Zabrze, i.e. the former Queen Luise mine , to the Zabrze-Bielszowice mine . In 2000 the construction site for this pit was closed due to the exhaustion of supplies.
Funding figures
Bielschowitz 1913: 1.52 million t; 1938: 803,400 t; 1970: 1.70 million t
present
Today the KWK Bielszowice has a rights of 34.17 km² and mines 8,100 tons of coal every day with a workforce of 3,461 people (as of August 31, 2007) on the 840 m and 1000 m levels.
It has belonged to Polska Grupa Górnicza since May 1, 2016 and has eight shafts, five of which are in "Bielszowice I" (cable car), II (closed), III and V (double funding; headframes), IV (weather shaft), two weather shafts in Pawłów (Górny I / II) and "Schacht VI" (weather shaft and material transport) on the N 44. In 2015, the colliery achieved the worst operating result within the old KWSA group with a loss of 43.77 złoty per ton of hard coal mined. It remains to be seen whether the merger with the Halemba and Pokój mines, which are also located in Ruda Śląska, on July 1, 2016 will lead to an improvement in the profit situation through synergy effects.
Today, Guido is an important visitor mine in the south-west of Zabrze, from which you can visit and drive, among other things, the main key hereditary tunnel, which for a long time served to drain the Upper Silesian tax mines.
Remarks
- ↑ see http://gornictwo.wnp.pl/polska-grupa-gornicza-musi-powstac-do-konca-kwietnia,266827_1_0_1.html (accessed on June 3, 2016)
literature
- Yearbook for the Upper Mining District Wroclaw . Phönix-Verlag, Kattowitz / Breslau / Berlin 1913, digitized version at http://www.dbc.wroc.pl/dlibra/publication?id=3349&tab=3 (last accessed on March 2, 2017).
- Prussian Mining Authority in Breslau (ed.): The Silesian Mines 1938 . Publishing house NS-Druckerei, Breslau.
- Paul Deutsch: The Upper Silesian coal and steel industry before and after the division of the industrial area . Bonn 1926.
- Jerzy Jaros: Słownik historyczny kopalń węgla na ziemiach polskich . Katowice 1984.
- Kurt König: The coal mining in Upper Silesia from 1945–1955 . Scientific contributions to the history and regional studies of Eastern Central Europe. Published by the Johann Gottfried Herder Institute. Marburg 1958.
Web links
- 43 seam maps (sic) of the Upper Silesian coal basin as JPG files, the field boundaries, seams and shafts according to the inventory from 1902, published by the "Verlag von Priebatsch's Buchhandlung, Breslau" (accessed on July 14, 2015)
Coordinates: 50 ° 15 '58.3 " N , 18 ° 50' 2.4" E