Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego Michał
The Michał coal mine (in Polish Kopalnia Węgla Kamiennego Michał , Maxgrube ' ) is a disused mine in the Michałkowice district of Siemianowice Śląskie , Poland .
history
The Max hard coal mine with a size of 2.19 km² was muted by Max von Rheinbaben in 1852 and put into operation in 1881. It later formed a joint venture with "Jung-Anna Südfeld" and "Graf Gleichen".
The Rheinbaben family had been mining hard coal in the Siemianowice Śląskie area since 1804 and also ran the Fanny and Chassée mines . In the Max area, she sank the Max shaft (later West shaft ) using the freezing process from 1881 , but got into such great financial difficulties due to the costs involved that she brought her property into a trade union in 1887 and the latter together with Chassée-Fanny in 1892 Hugo zu Hohenlohe-Öhringen had to sell.
In the initial phase, the three saddle seams "Einsiedel", "Heintzmann" and "Heinitz-Reden-Pochhammer" as well as two hanging seams with a total thickness of 19.6 meters were mined. There were three levels for this, at 170 m, 240 m and 340 m. From 1905 there were five shafts: the central system ( location ) had the three production shafts west and east as well as Christian-Kraft (they were also used for cable travel and the transport of tailings), the “north” system ( location ) with the two shafts North I (extending weather shaft and cable car; demolished in 1990) and North II (moving in weather shaft; material transport). Both rinse and blow offset took place. 2,257 miners extracted 723,229 t of hard coal, most of which could be sold at the Hohenlohe-Zinkhütte and the Laurahütte
The highest production in the First World War was achieved with 922,574 t by a workforce of 2,975 people in 1917; after the end of the war this fell to 484,766 t in 1919. Despite the economic difficulties in the twenties, production grew steadily again and in 1929 reached a total of 1,1013,740 t. At that time the mine had 23 steam engines with a total output of 2,504 HP, 2 steam turbines with an output of 62 HP, 323 electric motors with a total output of 13,118 HP and 17 generators with 1,592 kW. The economic collapse occurred in 1932 and was accompanied by strikes and compulsory leave for the workers.
In 1936 the Maxgrube , which from 1920 belonged to the Polish section of the Hohenlohe Works and was now written Maks , was given the name Michał .
German irregulars tried to occupy the mine at the beginning of the attack on Poland . The attack by 200 members of a German fifth column under Obersturmbannführer Wilhelm Pisarski was repulsed by the works security on September 1, 1939. Several dozen attackers and Pisarski were killed in the fighting.
Exploited by the Reichswerke Hermann Göring during the Second World War , the mine was nationalized after the Second World War and part of the Union of the Coal Industry; from 1957 it belonged to the Katowice department.
In 1975 it merged with the Siemianowice mine and became Division III of this composite mine. Because of the poor condition of its facilities, it was closed in 1994, despite still large coal reserves, and production stopped.
In 2012, an exhibition for mining and metallurgy was opened on the former premises, which also includes the renovated scaffolding over the Krystyn shaft (formerly Christian-Kraft ). In this connection, the steam hoisting machine from the Ficinius shaft of the Siemianowice mine was made accessible again. Individual buildings from the “North” facility have been preserved but are not accessible.
Funding figures
| year | Delivery rate in tons |
|---|---|
| 1913 | 852.276 |
| 1938 | 860.268 |
| 1970 | 1,340,000 |
swell
- Jerzy Jaros: Słownik historyczny kopalń węgla na ziemiach polskich . Śląski Instytut Naukowy, Katowice 1984, ISBN 83-00-00648-6 .
- Yearbook for the Upper Mining District Wroclaw . Phönix-Verlag, Kattowitz / Breslau / Berlin 1913, digitized version at http://www.dbc.wroc.pl/dlibra/publication?id=3349&tab=3 (last accessed on May 5, 2015).
- Kurt König: The coal mining in Upper Silesia from 1945–1955. Scientific contributions to the history and regional studies of Eastern Central Europe . Published by the Johann Gottfried Herder Institute. Marburg 1958.
- Damian Recław: Przemysł górnego Śląska na dawnej fotografii . Muzeum w Gliwicach 2015.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Yearbook Oberbergamt p. 329
- ↑ a b c Recław: Przemysł górnego Śląska. P. 200
- ↑ Yearbook Oberbergamt p. 329 f
- ↑ Recław: Przemysł górnego Śląska. P. 201
Map with all coordinates: Web link
- 43 seam maps (sic) of the Upper Silesian coal basin as JPG files, the field boundaries, seams and shafts according to the inventory from 1902, published by the "Verlag von Priebatsch's Buchhandlung, Breslau" (accessed on July 14, 2015)