Krajowa Rada Narodowa
The State National Council (KRN), the country's National Council was a political body and a quasi-parliament, which in Poland at the end of World War II in the Soviet Union was established and the establishment of a communist led in Poland regime under Soviet control.
Foundation and goals
The Krajowa Rada Narodowa was established on December 31, 1943 in Moscow by the newly created communist party Polska Partia Robotnicza (German: Polish Workers' Party) (PPR) under Władysław Gomułka, which was accepted by Josef Stalin . The old Communist Party of Poland ( Komunistyczna Partia Polski , KPP) was wiped out during Stalin's Great Terror . According to the decision of the Central Committee of the PRP of November 7, 1943, the council was to be the true political representative of the Polish nation and to have the power to act on behalf of the nation and to manage the country's affairs until Poland was liberated from occupation . From the beginning, the council described itself as largely representative of the anti-fascist, democratic movements . The KRN called the members of the pre-war governments of the Sanacja and those of the Polish government-in-exile in London fascist and denied them any representation in the KRN. For their part, the expelled members described the council as illegal. Therefore, on January 9, 1944, the planned parliament, the Council of National Unity ( Rada Jedności Narodowej , RJN) was founded by them.
Parliament
The chairman of the Krajowa Rada Narodowa was the Stalinist Bolesław Bierut , who wanted to rely on the presence of the Red Army in the future government and did not want the influence of other parties to limit the power of the Polish Labor Party. Partners in the KRN were members of the Polish Socialist Party (PPS), the Polish People's Party ( PSL), the People's Party (SL), the Democratic Party (SD), the Workers' Party (SP) as well as independent and political representatives of the Jews . Bierut's three deputies from the other groups were elected, including for PSL Wincenty Witos .
government
On July 22, 1944, a first government was established in Lublin , which had only just been liberated from Soviet troops, the Lublin Committee under communist hegemony in a collaboration between Krajowa Rada Narodowa and the ZPP, the Union of Polish Patriots . This government , the Polish Committee for National Liberation (PKWN), was a half-hearted attempt to comply with the demands of the Western powers to form a coalition government. Head of government was Edward Osóbka-Morawski , who was also head of government of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Poland formed on December 31, 1944 ( Rząd Tymczasowy Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej ).
Until the elections to the Sejm in 1947 , the Krajowa Rada Narodowa had both legislative and governmental tasks and Bolesław Bierut was head of state. In July 1945 the KRN had 173 members, 97 of them from the PPR, 77 from the PPS, 56 from the SL, 17 from the SD and 26 independents. The increase in the number of members of the council to 444 in October 1946 resulted in the following figures: 135 PPR, 111 PPS, 62 SL, 57 PSL, 37 SD, 1 representative each of the Jewish groups: Bund , Communists and Zionists and 26 independents.
On June 30, 1946, the Polish communists held a referendum , the results of which were completely falsified, just like those of the 1947 Sejm election in Poland To leave the country.
Individual evidence
- ^ Wojciech Roszkowski: Historia Polski 1914-2004 . 10th edition. Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warsaw 2004, ISBN 83-01-14242-1 , p. 127-128 .
- ^ Piotr Gontarczyk: Polska Partia Robotnicza. Droga do władzy (1941-1944) . 2nd Edition. Wydawnictwo Fronda PL, Warsaw 2006, ISBN 83-60335-75-3 , p. 308-312 .
- ↑ Werblan, Andrzej: Władysław Gomułka, sekretarz generalny PPR . Wyd. 1st edition. "Książka i Wiedza", Warsaw 1988, ISBN 83-05-11972-6 , p. 180-183 .
- ↑ W. Roszkowski: Najnowsza historia Polski 1914-1945 . Warsaw 2003, p. 559 .
- ^ Krajowa Rada Narodowa - Szkolnictwo.pl. Retrieved May 5, 2019 .
- ↑ A. Czubinski: Polska i Polacy po II wojnie światowej (1945-1989) . Poznan 1998, p. 158, 160 .