Kulistein
The Kulistein ( N 449) is a rune stone found on the island of Kuli (also known as Kuloy, Kulöy, Kulio, Kulioy, Kuliøy, Kuliøya, Kulo, Kuloy, Kulö) in the municipality of Smøla in Fylke Møre og Romsdal in Norway .
Only a cross is incised on the flat front . The narrow side bears a two-line inscription. The upper part of the stone has been chipped off and some of the unthreaded writing is probably missing, stating that the stone was erected by Tore, Hallvard and Ulf Raude (the red?) And that “Christianity had twelve winters in Norway. "
It is uncertain what event this date refers to. It can only be about the missionary work of Olav I. Tryggvason (968–1000). Olav II. Haraldsson's (995-1030) efforts are a bit late for the language and runic forms, and enough expressions are different. Håkon des Guten (935–961) Christianity was ignored even in its closest circles, so that the poem Hákonarmál lets him move to Valhalla . There are serious paleographic and philological / linguistic problems with interpretation. The inscription is the oldest historical Norwegian source that mentions Christianity and the name of the country. The stone has been exhibited in the Trondheim Museum since 1913 . The stone on pen is a copy.
Runic inscription
The rune text in old Norwegian :
- Þórir ok Hallvarðr reistu stein þenna ept Ulfljót (?) ... Tolf vetr hafði kristindómr verit í Nóregi ...
literature
- Terje Spurkland: Norwegian Runes and Runic Inscriptions. Van der Hoek, Betsy (trans.). Boydell Press 2005. pp. 108-111, 133. ISBN 1-84383-186-4 .
- Birgit Sawyer, Peter H. Sawyer: Medieval Scandinavia: From Conversion to Reformation, Circa 800-1500. University of Minnesota Press, 1993, pp. 103. ISBN 0-8166-1738-4 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Project Samnordisk Runtextdatabas Swedish - Rundata for N 449.
Coordinates: 63 ° 17 ′ 47.4 " N , 8 ° 5 ′ 16.1" E