Kushum
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| Important data | |
| Origin: | Kazakhstan |
| Main breeding area: | Kazakhstan |
| Distribution: | |
| Stick measure : | 150 - 160 cm |
| Colors : | Browns and foxes |
| Main application area: | Jumping, milk production and breeding horses for slaughter |
The Kushum (other names: Kushumskaya (Russian), West Kazakh Saddle-Draft (English)) is a robust horse breed from Kazakhstan that was newly bred between 1931 and 1976, suitable for free-range and herding and used for jumping, milk production and breeding for slaughter .
Background information on horse evaluation and breeding can be found under: Exterior , interior and horse breeding .
Exterior
The Kushum is a strongly built, heavy warmblood. The head is large but not coarse, the neck of medium length and fleshy. He has a pronounced withers, a long flat back and a well-muscled but too short croup. The chest is wide and deep and the legs are well built. There are mainly browns and foxes .
Stallions have a height at the withers of 159 cm, mares 154 cm, the body length of stallions is 161 cm, of mares 157 cm. The chest circumference is 187 cm for stallions and 182 cm for mares. The cannon bone has a circumference of 20.5 cm in stallions and 19.2 cm in mares.
The breed has three types, the basic type, the heavily muscled type, and the riding horse type.
interior
The Kushum is a horse that is well adapted to the continental climate of Kazakhstan, so it can be kept outdoors and herd breeding all year round. Under these conditions, he has good health and fertility. For every hundred mares there are on average 84 foals per year in the herd, of which about 80 survive to the age of one year.
The Kushum increases well in free-range husbandry in spring and summer and is therefore suitable for milk production and slaughter horse breeding. Due to its size and its high live weight, there is a good meat yield. The mares give 13-14 liters of milk per day.
The Kushum is a versatile horse with great endurance. In full-day tests, the best horses managed 214 and 280 km. The winning animal covered 100 km in four hours and 11 minutes.
Breeding history
The Kushum was newly bred in the Pyatimarsk and Furman studs in the Urals in Kazakhstan between 1931 and 1976. The original intention was to breed a horse for the army on the basis of the Kazakh , which in Kazakhstan can be herd and bred outdoors all year round.
Kazakh mares were crossed with English thoroughbreds and half-breeds, as well as trotters, in order to gain size and improve gaits. Then the Don were crossed in order to maintain the suitability for the typical landscape breeding in large herds (taboons), while at the same time gaits and size are further improved. The crossing results were bred pure.
Today the most important studs for breeding the breed are Pyatimarsk and Krasnodon and the breed is further developed through pure breeding.