Kazakh (horse)
| Kazakh | |
|---|---|
Kazakhs on horseback, taken between 1911 and 1914 |
|
| Important data | |
| Origin: | Kazakhstan |
| Main breeding area: | predominantly western Kazakhstan |
| Distribution: | approx. 300,000 animals |
| Stick measure : | Stallions 144 cm, mares 142 cm |
| Colors : | Dark browns, browns, foxes, rarely duns or molds |
| Main application area: | Meat and milk production, horse riding |
As Kazakh refers to a group of horse breeds from the Asian steppe. The most important variants of the breed are the Adaev, a type of riding horse, and the Jabe, which is bred more for meat and milk production.
Background information on horse evaluation and breeding can be found under: Exterior , interior and horse breeding .
Exterior
The main characteristics are a large head, thick neck, broad body and deep chest. The back is straight and the croup is well muscled. The legs are correctly built and strong enough. The skin is thick and tough, the fur is brown, dark brown or fox-colored, molds and fawns are less common.
Stallions have a height at the withers of 144 cm, a chest circumference of 180 cm and a cannon bone circumference of 19 cm. Mares have a height at the withers of 142 cm, a chest circumference of 178 cm and a cannon bone circumference of 18.8 cm.
In relation to their small size, the races of the Kazakh type have a high live weight of 400–500 kg. Jabe horses are kept as milk and slaughter animals. More likely to be bred than riding horses, Adaev-type horses have cleaner physiques, smaller heads, longer necks, straighter backs, and higher withers. Due to the little systematic breeding, however, horses with narrow chests and too light bones keep appearing.
interior
The Kazakh has few expansive gaits and a weak trot. But they are also very persistent. The stallion Zolotnik covered 264 km a day and some Adaevs did 297 km a day. Jabe horses are known for their meat quality and get fat quickly. Some mares give up to 20 kg milk by hand milking. Adaev-type horses are more of a riding horse character.
Breeding history
Kazakh-type races are known as early as the 5th century BC. Since then, they have been influenced by various other horse breeds, which include the Mongols , the Karabeans , Arabs, and the Akhal-Teke . In the late 20th century they were ennobled by English thoroughbreds , Orlov trotters and the Don .
Today they are mainly bred in western Kazakhstan and grazed there all year round. In this large breeding area they have split up into many varieties. The most important of these are the Jabe and the Aedav. The jabe was bred in the southern districts of the Aktubinsk region and then spread throughout Kazakhstan. The best stud today is Mugojar.
swell
- NG Dmitriev, LK Ernst: Animal genetic resources of the USSR. FAO ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND HEALTH PAPER 65 FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 1989. ISBN 92-5-102582-7
