Country name of Czechoslovakia
The country name of Czechoslovakia was the subject of several politically motivated discussions and disputes between 1918 and 1992. The country's official name has been the Czechoslovak Republic for longest in its history, but it has been changed several times.
Name story
In the declaration of independence and in the provisional constitution of 1918, the names Czecho-Slovak Republic or Czecho-Slovak State were established. After the Constitution of the first Czechoslovak Republic was passed in 1920, the hyphen in the name Czechoslovak Republic was removed and the name Czechoslovak Republic (Československá republika) established. The name Czecho-Slovak State was deleted from the constitution.
The name Czechoslovak Republic remained until the Munich Agreement . In October 1938 a hyphen was reintroduced and the name was changed to Czecho-Slovakia (short form) or Czecho-Slovak Republic (long form) and was the name of the state until the occupation by Nazi Germany and Hungary in March 1939.
Between 1939 and 1945 the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia and the Slovak State existed on the territory of Czechoslovakia .
The internationally recognized Czechoslovak government in exile , founded in London in 1940, called itself the Provisional Czechoslovak Government (Prozatímní státní zřízení československé) and together with the Communist Party (KSČ) established the old name of the Czechoslovak Republic in Košice in April 1945. The name was retained even after the February coup in 1948.
In 1960 the name was changed from the ruling KSČ to the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (Československá socialistická republika). The name change finalized the communist claim to leadership and added the word socialism.
After the fall of the regime in 1989, the name was briefly changed to the Czechoslovak Federal Republic . By law in 1990 the name was changed to the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic . The short form remained Czechoslovakia.
The short form of the country name was mostly given as Czechoslovakia , in addition, from 1918 to 1920 also semi-officially and from 1938 to 1939 the term Czecho-Slovakia was used officially, which was mainly requested by the Slovak side. The spelling with the hyphen, the resulting dispute between Czech and Slovak politicians in the early 1990s known as the dash war , has been the officially used spelling in Slovakia since 1990 and is also used retrospectively for the entire existence of the state.
The term Czechoslovakia was used sporadically and inadvertently in German .
Long names
- 1918 Czechoslovak State or Czecho-Slovak State
- 1918–1920 Czecho-Slovak Republic ( Česko-Slovenská republika , Republika Česko-Slovenská )
- 1920–1938 Czechoslovak Republic ( Československá republika )
- 1938/39 Czecho-Slovak Republic ( Česko-Slovenská republika )
- 1945–1960 Czechoslovak Republic ( Československá republika, ČSR )
- 1960–1990 Czechoslovak Socialist Republic ( Československá socialistická republika, ČSSR )
- 1990 Czechoslovak Federal Republic or Czecho-Slovak Federal Republic (Czechs Československá federativní republika and sl. Česko-slovenská federatívna republika )
- 1990–1992 Czech and Slovak Federal Republic (Czech. Česká a Slovenská Federativní Republika and sl. Česká a Slovenská Federatívna Republika )
Short names
- 1918–1920 Czecho-Slovakia (Czech and Sl. Česko-Slovensko )
- 1920–1938 Czechoslovakia (Czech and Sl. Československo )
- 1938–1939 Czecho-Slovakia (Czech and Sl. Česko-Slovensko )
- 1945–1990 Czechoslovakia (Czech and Sl. Československo )
- 1990–1992 Czechoslovakia or Czecho-Slovakia (Czech Československo and sl. Česko-Slovensko )
See also
literature
- Bradley F. Abrams: The struggle for the soul of the nation: Czech culture and the rise of communism. Rowman & Littlefield, Lanham 2005, ISBN 0-7425-3024-8 , p. 100.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Act 11/1918 Sb. (Reception Act on the Establishment of the Republic), online lexdata.cz ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed Oct. 3, 2009; Act 121/1920 Sb. (Constitution of 1920), online lexdata.cz ( Memento of the original of March 14, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed Oct. 3, 2009; Act 101/1990 Sb. (Change of country name 1990), online lexdata.cz ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as broken. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed on Nov. 10, 2009 (all in Czech)
- ↑ Application example Czechoslovakia 1922
- ^ History of the Czech Republic , on: Weltbericht - Your Travel Guide , accessed on April 16, 2012.
