Load direction

If road users or transport goods within a certain period move mainly in a common direction and are moved, so this direction is referred to as the load direction (engl .: peak direction hereinafter).

Examples

commuter

Many commuters drive or walk from home to work in the morning and back again in the afternoon. The load direction thus runs in the morning from the living areas to the workplaces and in the afternoon from the workplaces to the living areas.

Leisure traffic

In leisure traffic, traffic flows are diffuse and very different depending on the target group, the leisure activity and the chosen means of transport. A load direction in leisure traffic can therefore only be observed for large individual events, such as football games or concerts.

Freight transport

Depending on the mining areas for raw materials, production facilities and the locations of the customers, there are strong load directions , especially in freight transport , such as in the past with the Saxon wind mountain railway .

Effects

Superposition of load directions

Different directions of load can overlap and thus both reinforce and balance each other out.

Road traffic

In road traffic , the direction of the load affects both the use of traffic routes and stationary traffic :

• The roads are particularly heavily used in the respective load direction.
• The parking space is exposed to particularly high demand before the load direction at the traffic sources and after the load direction at the traffic destinations.

Transportation

In local public transport , the direction of load affects the timetable and the vehicle fleet used :

• The timetable is increased in the load direction , e.g. B. S2-East from Erding to Munich.
• Vehicles with a larger capacity are used on lines with a strong load direction during rush hour .

Traffic routes

If the load direction is particularly pronounced, additional traffic routes are created that can be used in the respective load direction during rush hour . Three examples:

• Manual for dynamic track released on US - highways , depending on the load direction
• The Sierichstraße in Hamburg is a one-way street , on the time of day the direction is changed. This two-lane city ​​street is released in the load direction; the switchover takes place at 4:00 a.m. and 12:00 p.m.
• New York City subway : Lines 4, 5, 6, 7, D, J / Z with express trains on an additional third track in the middle position in the respective load direction

See also

• Traffic times
• Transportation
• Road traffic

literature

• Typification of traffic flow curves and their suitability for modeling traffic demand (PDF; 2.1 MB) Lutz Pinkofsky / TU Braunschweig. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
• Modeling of the time behavior in passenger traffic (PDF; 2.2 MB) Christoph Hecht / Uni Stuttgart. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
• Freeway Management and Operations Handbook . US Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
• Peter Kirchhoff: Urban transport planning (Chapter 5.4 Drafting public transport timetables). Teubner, Stuttgart / Leipzig / Wiesbaden, 2002
• Reversivble lane: Entire roadway routinely reversed - listing of roads with change of direction in the English language Wikipedia

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Typification of traffic flow curves and their suitability for modeling traffic demand (PDF; 2.1 MB) Lutz Pinkofsky / TU Braunschweig. Archived from the original on September 27, 2015. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
2. ↑ Modeling the time behavior in passenger traffic (Chapter 3.2.1 Route search and traffic allocation, p. 36f) (PDF; 2.2 MB) Christoph Hecht / Uni Stuttgart. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
3. ↑ Parking space organization in the city center of Brühl . City of Brühl. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
4. ^ Timetable S2 Erding - Munich - Petershausen (timetable year 2011) . Deutsche Bahn AG (DB). Retrieved November 19, 2011.
5. ↑ Freeway Management and Operations Handbook (Chapter 8. Managed Lanes) . US Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
6. ^ "Hamburg Web: Sierichstrasse." Archived from the original on February 4, 2012 ; Retrieved January 15, 2012 . 
7. ↑ Line table for the New York City Subway (June 2010) . Mass Transit Authority (MTA) of New York City. Archived from the original on October 27, 2011. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
8. ↑ Queens 1 (New York City Subway Track Map) . nycsubway.org. Retrieved November 19, 2011.