Reader Trélat Syndrome

Classification according to ICD-10
L82	Seborrheic Keratosis Reader Trelat Syndrome
ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019)

Under the Reader Trélat syndrome ( Reader Trélat character ) is defined as the sudden appearance of numerous, often itchy seborrheic keratoses ( senile warts ) as part of a cancer. Since it is a concomitant phenomenon triggered by a malignant tumor, the symptoms are classified as paraneoplastic syndrome . The associated malignancies are in particular adenocarcinomas of the stomach and breast , but also bronchial carcinomas , leukemia and malignant lymphomas . Due to the fact that seborrheic keratoses, like malignant tumors, are more common in old age, an association is difficult to prove and is in some cases questioned in the literature.

history

The Reader-Trélat syndrome is named after the German surgeon Edmund Leser (1828–1916) and the French surgeon Ulysse Trélat (1828–1890). They were awarded the first description independently of one another. Both apparently referred to senile hemangioma in their presentation . It was not until 1900 that E. Hollander established a causal connection between seborrheic keratoses and internal malignancies.

Epidemiology

Reader-Trélat syndrome is considered rare. Gender preference and regional or ethnic clustering are not reported in the literature. The age peak is in older age.

causes

The causes of Reader Trélat Syndrome are unclear. It is assumed that the formation of seborrheic keratoses is induced by growth factors produced by the tumor. Since acanthosis nigricans occurs at the same time in 30 percent of cases , some authors consider the syndrome to be an incomplete form of acanthosis nigricans.

clinic

Seborrheic keratosis on the back of a person with Reader Trélat syndrome in colorectal cancer

Characteristic is the sudden appearance of numerous seborrheic keratoses with diffuse distribution, especially in the area of ​​the trunk. Itching is also found in about half of the patients . The differential diagnosis must be distinguished from seborrheic keratoses in the context of generalized skin rashes. The cytostatic drug cytarabine can rarely lead to inflammatory changes in existing seborrheic keratoses and thus simulate a Reader-Trélat syndrome.

therapy

The focus is on treating the underlying malignant tumor. Seborrheic keratoses can be removed by excision , cryosurgery, or curettage .

forecast

The prognosis is determined by the underlying malignancy, which, however, is often biologically aggressive (average survival time: 10.6 months). There is no known mortality associated with the symptoms of Reader-Trélat syndrome itself.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g} R. A. Schwartz: Sign of Reader Trelat. (May 29, 2009). http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1097299-overview
2. ↑ AM Fink, D. Filz, G. Krajnik, W. Jurecka, H. Ludwig, A. Steiner: Seborrhoeic keratoses in patients with internal malignancies: a case-control study with prospective accrual of patients. In: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology . 2009, Volume 23, pp. 1316-1319. PMID 19309432 .
3. ↑ ^{a b c} H. Kerl, C. Garbe, L. Cerroni, HH Wolff: Histopathologie der Haut. Springer, 2003, ISBN 3-540-41901-2 .
4. ^ EV Hollander: Contributions to the early diagnosis of intestinal carcinoma (hereditary relationships and skin changes) . In: German Medical Weekly. 26, 1900, pp. 483-485.
5. ↑ T. Patton, M. Zirwas, N. Nieland-Fisher, D. Jukic: inflammation of seborrheic keratoses Caused by cytarabine: a pseudo sign of reader-Trelat . In: Journal of Drugs in Dermatology . 2004, Volume 3, pp. 565-566. PMID 15552612 .

This article is about a health issue. It is not used for self-diagnosis and does not replace a diagnosis by a doctor. Please note the information on health issues !