Lexovier

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Map indicating the tribal area of ​​the Lexovians

The Lexovians ( lat. Lexovii ) were a Celtic tribe .

Settlement area

The Lexovians were resident on the west bank of the Seine in their estuary in what is now northern France. After the Roman Empire conquered their tribal area , this area was part of the province of Gaul . The capital of the Lexovians became Noviomagus Lexoviorum , today's Lisieux , after the Roman conquest .

First mention by Caesar

The Lexovians are first mentioned by the Roman general and author Julius Caesar in De Bello Gallico , in his account of his wars in Gaul. Together with the Venellians , Osismians and Coriosolites, they were defeated in 56 BC. The three legions led by the legate in the army of Caesar Quintus Titurius Sabinus . Caesar had sent his troops to prevent an alliance between these Gallic tribes and the Venetians . Again a relatively modest contingent of 3,000 Lexovians fought in 52 BC. In a far-reaching revolt of the Gallic tribes against Roman domination led by Vercingetorix , but this revolt was also suppressed by Caesar.

Lexoviens

The residents of Lisieux still call themselves Lexoviens or Lexoviennes today .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Caesar, De bello Gallico , book 3, 11 and book 3, 17ff.
  2. ^ Caesar, De bello Gallico , Book 7, 75.
  3. ↑ Yves Lafond: "Lexovii." In: Der Neue Pauly. Online edition February 2012 [1]

literature

Primary literature

  • Gaius Iulius Caesar: De bello Gallico. The Gallic War, translated and edited by Marieluise Deißmann, Stuttgart 1980

Secondary literature

  • Charles A. Walckenaer: Géographie ancienne, historique et comparée des Gaules Cisalpine et Transalpine . Volume 1. Paris 1839
  • Raoul E. Doranlo: La Civitas des Lexovii et ses abornements . In: Revue des études anciennes , 1932, pp. 159–181.
  • Claude Lemaitre: Oppidum gaulois et castrum du Bas-Empire à Lisieux (Calvados) . In: Claude Lemaitre (ed.) Travaux militaires en Gaule romaine et dans les provinces du Nord-Ouest (Ban 1) Tours 1978, pp. 188-213
  • Claude Lemaitre: Noviomagus Lexoviorum, Reflection sur les origines de Lisieux . In: Robert Bedon (ed.): Les villes de la Gaule lyonnaise (Caesarodunum 30), Limoges 1996, pp. 133-165
  • Claude Lemaitre: Le Vieux-Lisieux, ville ou sanctuaire suburbain? . In: Les villes et leurs faubourgs en Gaule romaine. Dossiers d'Archéologie 237 (1998), pp. 58-63