List of Celtic tribes
The list of Celtic tribes is a listing of the tribal groups of the Celts known by name through the ancient authors, the archaeological finds and the modern Celtology .
The Celts were not a single people, but a group of peoples related in language , religion , mythology , art and culture , but not necessarily genetically. The main division of the Celtic peoples differentiates between mainland Celts and island Celts. In addition to this division, the ancient Celts were also divided into larger tribal groups or tribal leagues as well as into smaller sub-tribes (Gaue) and client groups .
Tribal list
Abbreviations in "position":
- FK = mainland Celts ( continental Europe )
- E / I = mainland and island Celtic tribe
- E / G = Celtic tribe in Europe and Galatia ( Asia Minor )
- IK = Inselkelten of the British Isles
Tribal name | location | Settlement area |
---|---|---|
Abrincatuer | FK | Gallic tribe, capital Ingena / Abrincatae ( Avranches ) |
Acitavones | FK | only mentioned in the Tropaeum Alpium strain in the Alps |
Alums | FK | in Noricum , lower Saalachtal to the Chiemsee |
Allobroger | FK | between the Rhone and Isère to Lake Geneva |
Ambarrer | FK | on both sides of the Arar ( Saône ) |
Ambians | FK | Belger tribe around today's Amiens on the Somme |
Ambidraver | FK | in Noricum, in the Upper and Lower Drautal , Mölltal and Liesertal |
Ambiliates | FK | Gallic tribe, south of the Loire estuary in the Atlantic |
Ambiliner | FK | in Noricum, in the entire Gailtal and Lesachtal |
Ambiguous | FK | in Noricum, between Salzach and Saalach as well as Salzkammergut |
Ambivaretes | FK | in Gaul north of the Haeduer area, of which they were clients |
Ambivarites | FK | in the Gallia Belgica , west of the Meuse |
Ambrons | FK | according to Rufus Festus, Celtic, but perhaps Germanic; North Sea coast |
Andecaver | FK | on the lower Loire (Liger) |
Aresaken | FK | Tribe of the Treveri , in today's Rheinhessen and around Mainz |
Arevaker | FK | Celtiberian tribe, in the Iberian Meseta , main town Numantia |
Arverner | FK | in what is now the Auvergne region , the main town in Gergovia |
Atrebaten | EGG | Tribe of the Belgians , in the area around Atrebatae, today's Arras ; later also southern Britain |
Aulerker | FK | in northwest Gaul between the Loire and Seine |
Auscer | FK | on the Adour river in Gallia Aquitania , capital Augusta Auscorum ( Auch ) |
Baiokassen | FK | also Bodiokassen, in Aremorica (today's Normandy and today's Brittany ), capital Civitas Baiocassium ( Bayeux ) |
Belger | EGG | partly Celtic, partly Germanic tribes, between the Seine and the Rhine , later also the coast of Britain |
Bellovaker | FK | Tribe of the Belgians, in the entire present-day Oise department |
Bibroker | IK | in the valley of the Thames |
Bigerrions | FK | in the Roman province of Gallia Aquitania , capital Bigorra ( Saint-Lézer ) |
Biturigen | FK | in the Roman province of Gallia Aquitania (today's Aquitaine ) |
Boier | FK | first in the Rhine / Main / Danube area , then Boiohaemum ( Bohemia and Northern Italy ), capital Bononia ( Bologna ) |
Brannoviken | FK | between the Loire and the Seine, in the Mâcon area |
Brigands | IK | between the rivers Humber and Tyne , main town Isurium Brigantum ( Aldborough , North Yorkshire ) |
Brigantier | FK | Tribe of the Vindeliker , around Brigantium (Bregenz) in today's Vorarlberg |
Caerenians | IK | in Northern Scotland , on the west coast of what is now Sutherland |
Caletes | FK | Celtic / Germanic tribe of the Belgians in today's Normandy , main town Caracotinum ( Harfleur ) |
Cantiaker | IK | in present-day Kent and the South Downs , capital Durovernum Cantiacorum ( Canterbury ) |
Carnonacer | IK | in Northern Scotland, on the west coast of today's Ross-shire |
Carpetaner | FK | Celtiberian people, south of the Iberian Scheidegebirge , capital was today's Toledo |
Carvetier | IK | in the present counties of Cumbria and North Lancashire , capital Luguvalium ( Carlisle ) |
Catenates | FK | also Clautonatii, probably in the Roman province of Raetia |
Caturiger | FK | in the Cottian Alps , in the valley of the Druentia ( Durance ), capital Eburodunum ( Embrun ) |
Catuvian moods | IK | Belger tribe , north of the Thames, main town near today's Wheathampstead ( Hertfordshire ) |
Cenomaniac | FK | Aulerker tribe , in the lower Seine and Loire region |
Ceutrons | FK | in the later Roman province of Alpes Graiae , around the Little Saint Bernard |
Coconut | FK | in Gallia Aquitania in the west of the Landes department |
Condruser | FK | Celtic-Germanic tribe, in the Middle Rhine area on the left bank of the Rhine |
Cornovier | IK | in Northern Scotland, in what is now the county of Caithness |
Cosuanetes | FK | Tribe of the Raeter or Vindeliker in the Roman province of Raetia |
Creons | IK | on the west coast of northern Scotland, south of the Skye and north of the Isle of Mull |
Curiosolites | FK | around the present-day Breton towns of Kersaout (main town), Cancale , Saint-Brieuc and Saint-Malo |
Decanter | IK | in Scotland, on the west coast of the Moray Firth on the Cromarty Firth |
Deceanglier | IK | in north-east Wales , now the counties of Flintshire and Denbighshire |
Demeter | IK | in what is now the counties of Pembrokeshire and Carmarthenshire , namesake of Dyfed |
Diablinten | FK | Gallic tribe, capital Noviodunum ( Jublains , Mayenne department ) |
Dobunner | IK | in the north of Somerset , County of Avon and Gloucestershire , capital Corinium Dobunnorum ( Cirencester ) |
Dumnonians | IK | in today's Cornwall and Devon , main town Isca Dumnoniorum ( Exeter ) |
Durotigen | IK | in South West England , main towns South Cadbury and Maiden Castle |
Eburoviken | FK | Aulerker tribe , in the lower Seine and Loire region |
Eleuteten | FK | Sub- tribe of the Kadurker , on the Aveyron in Gallia Aquitania (today's Aveyron department ) |
Elusates | FK | in the northeast of Gallia Aquitania , capital Elusa ( Eauze ) |
Epidians | IK | in north-west Scotland, on the Kintyre peninsula and the islands of Arran , Islay and Jura |
Eravisker | FK | in Hungary, main town Oppidum on Gellért Hill in Budapest ( Buda district ) |
Esuvians | FK | around their main town Sées on the Orne ( Orne department ) |
Gabalier | FK | in Aquitaine , at the origin of Oltis ( Lot ) and Elaver ( Allier ) |
Galatians | E / G | originally Volker , emigrated to Galatia , capitals Gordion and Ancyra ( Ankara ) |
Gallaeker | FK | in today's Galicia , Asturias and León , as well as in northern Portugal to the Douro |
Garumner | FK | in the Gallia Aquitania, in the Val d'Aran , the high valley of the Garumna ( Garonne ) |
Gater | FK | in Gallia Aquitania, near Vic-Fezensac or Mirande (both Département Gers ) |
Haeduer | FK | in central Gaul between the Saône and Loire to the Lyon area |
Helvetier | FK | in what is now the Swiss Central Plateau and in southwest Germany |
Iapods | FK | northeast of Istria , in the karst on the upper Sava , capital Arupium ( Prozor-Rama ) |
Icener | IK | in the area of today's Norfolk and Suffolk , capital Venta Icenorum |
Insubr | FK | in Gaul the north Po , the west by the Ticino , on the east by Serio limited |
Kadurker | FK | in the Quercy between Dordogne and Aveyron , capital Uxellodunum |
Carnutes | FK | between Liger (Loire) and Sequana (Seine), main towns Autricum ( Chartres ) and Cenabum ( Orléans ) |
Laiancer | FK | Noric Celtic tribe in the Drautal ( East Tyrol ), main town Aguntum (near Lienz ) |
Latobics | FK | in today's southern Baden , neighbors of the Helvetii |
Lemoviken | FK | around Civitas Lemovicum (today's Limoges ) in Aquitaine |
Lepontier | FK | between the Gotthard massif and Lake Maggiore |
Leuker | FK | in what is now eastern France , the main towns are Tullum ( Toul ) and Nasium (Naix-aux-Forges) |
Lexovier | FK | on the west bank of the Seine in its estuary, main town Noviomagus Lexoviorum ( Lisieux ) |
Likatier | FK | Tribe of the Vindeliker , in the Allgäu , on the bank and near the river Lech |
Lingons | FK | on the upper Seine, Marne and Saône , main town Andematunnum (now Langres ) |
Lugier | IK | in Northern Scotland , on the west coast of the Moray Firth (see Germanic Lugier in Silesia ) |
Mandubier | FK | in what is now Burgundy and the Jura department |
Mediomatrician | FK | in what is now Eastern France, Saarland and Rhineland-Palatinate , capital Divodorum Mediomatricum ( Metz ) |
Meduller | FK | in Maurienne between Tarentaise ( Savoy ) and the Aosta Valley |
Detector | FK | Belger tribe , on the lower reaches of the Matrona ( Marne ) in what is now Île-de-France |
Menapier | FK | Gallic / Germanic tribe of the Belgians, on the Lower Rhine in what is now Flanders |
Moriner | FK | Belger tribe, in the coastal area between today's Dunkirk and Le Touquet-Paris-Plage |
Namneten | FK | between Angers and the Loire estuary |
Nantuates | FK | in the Roman province of Alpes Graiae near Lake Geneva , in today's canton of Valais |
Nemeter | FK | partly Celtic, partly Germanic tribes, in the area of the Rhine between the Palatinate and Lake Constance |
Nervous | FK | Gallic / Germanic tribe of the Belgians, in the area between the Meuse and Scheldt in the Gallia Belgica |
Nitiobrogen | FK | Gallic tribe, in today's Agenais in southern France , capital Aginnum ( Agen ) |
Noriker | FK | large tribe in the Kingdom of Noricum ( Lower Carinthia ), main places Noreia and Virunum |
Novanter | IK | in present-day Galloway and Carrick in southwestern Scotland |
Ordovicer | IK | in what is now Wales , the capital of Bravonium in Herefordshire |
Osismier | FK | around today's Huelgoat and Carhaix-Plouguer (both in the Finistère department ) |
Parisians | EGG | on the banks of the Seine, main town Lutetia Parisiorum , also in East Yorkshire and Humberside |
Petrocorier | FK | Gallic tribe in today's Dordogne department , capital Vesunna Petrucoriorum ( Périgueux ) |
Picts | IK | Scotland |
Pictons | FK | Gallic tribe south of the lower Loire, main town Lemonium or Limonium ( Poitiers ) |
Ptianians | FK | probably a Celtiberian tribe in Gallia Aquitania |
Rauriker | FK | in the area of today's Basel , Jura and Alsace on the southern Upper Rhine |
Redone | FK | in what is now Brittany at the confluence of the Ille and Vilaine rivers to the mouth of the Loire in the Atlantic |
Remer | FK | Belger tribe, between Aisne and Matrona ( Marne ) (today's Champagne ) |
Rutener | FK | Client base of the Arverni , in the Massif Central in today's France, capital Segodunum ( Rodez ) |
Saevaten | FK | Noric Celtic tribe in the Puster Valley ( South Tyrol ) |
Salasser | FK | Ligurian tribe , in the valley of the Dora Baltea (Duria) |
Salluvier | FK | between the Rhone and the Maritime Alps near the Luberon and the Verdon Gorge , main town Entremont |
Santons | FK | in the area of the lower Charente on the Bay of Biscay , main town Mediolanum Santonum ( Saintes ) |
Seduner | FK | in the area of today's Swiss canton of Valais , main town: Sedunum ( Sitten / Sion) |
Segusiaver | FK | Gallic tribe near Lugdunum ( Lyon ) |
Senones | FK | in today's departments of Seine-et-Marne , Loiret and Yonne , main town Agendicum (Senonus, Sens ) |
Sequaner | FK | between the Saône , Rhône and the Jura Mountains , main town Vesontio |
Sibusaten | FK | Proto- Basque / Celtic tribe in Gallia Aquitania , in the Soule region |
Silurians | IK | in the Welsh counties of Monmouthshire , Brecon and Glamorgan , main town Venta Silurum ( Caerwent ) |
Scordisker | FK | east of Sirmium , at the confluence of the Danube and Sava , capital is today's Belgrade |
Scots | IK | originally Ireland , later Northern Britain (namesake for Scotland) |
Smertrier | IK | in Northern Scotland, in what is now Sutherland |
Suessions | EGG | Belger tribe, around Augusta Suessionum (today Soissons ), later also in southeastern Britain |
Taexalians | IK | on the north-east coast of Scotland, at Cape Buchan ( Aberdeenshire ) |
Tarbeller | FK | in the coastal region of the Biscay to the Pyrenees |
Tarusaten | FK | in Gallia Aquitania , main towns Taro ( Tartas ) and Atura ( Aire-sur-l'Adour ), both in the Landes department |
Taurine | FK | Ligurian - Celtic tribe , on the southern edge of the Alps in today's Piedmont , main town Castra Taurinorum ( Turin ) |
Taurisker | FK | on the eastern edge of the Alps , in today's Carinthia and Slovenia |
Tecto legends | E / G | Tribe of Volker to tolose ( Toulouse ) and the Galatians to Ancyra ( Ankara ) |
Tiguriner | FK | Tribe of the Helvetii , around Aventicum (Avenches) in what is now western Switzerland (Romandie) |
Tolistobogier | E / G | also Tolistoagians, tribe of the Galatians, in northwest Phrygia in Galatia , capital Gordion |
Tougener | FK | Tribe of the Helvetii , west around Lake Constance (unsafe) |
Treverer | FK | in northeast Gaul , in the Moselle valley and on the right bank of the Rhine , capital during Roman times Augusta Treverorum |
Tricassen | FK | in north-east Gaul, on the upper Seine and Aube , capital during Roman times Augustobona ( Troyes ) |
Tricorii | FK | from the Gallia Narbonensis in the valley of the Drac |
Trinovants | IK | north of the Thames estuary in what is now Essex and Suffolk , capital Camulodunum ( Colchester ) |
Trokmer | E / G | Tribe of the Galatians , in Galatia in Asia Minor , capital Tavium |
Trumpiliner | FK | in Val Trompia , named after them , one of the three main valleys of the province of Brescia |
Uberer | FK | in the upper part of the Rhone Valley (today's Swiss canton of Valais ) |
Vacomagier | IK | on the Scottish north coast, on the River Spey in what is now Moray |
Varcians | FK | in the upper part of the Savetal in the south of Pannonia , main town Varceia (not localized) |
Vasaten | FK | in Gallia Aquitania , in the southeast of the Gironde , capital probably Civitas basatica ( Bazas ) |
Veliocasser | FK | in northern Gaul, in the Sequana ( Seine ) valley and in the Vexin , main town Rotomagus ( Rouen ) |
Veneller | FK | on the Cotentin Peninsula |
Veneter | FK | in what is now the Morbihan department in Brittany |
Venicons | IK | on the Scottish northeast coast, on the Firth of Tay |
Vennonetes | FK | in the Roman province of Raetia , in today's Vinschgau |
Venosten | FK | in the Roman province of Raetia, in today's Vinschgau |
Veragrer | FK | in the area where the Dranse flows into the Rhone (today's Swiss canton of Valais ) |
Verbigener | FK | Tribe of the Helvetii, in southwest Germany (uncertain) |
Viducassen | FK | Gallic tribe, in today's Calvados department , capital Aregenua ( Vieux ) |
Vindeliker | FK | in the foothills of the Alps between Lake Constance and Inn |
Viromanduer | FK | Belger tribe, in northeastern France in today's Vermandois |
Vocontier | FK | between Rhone, Isère , Alps and Durance , main town Dea Augusta Vocontiorium ( Die , Département Drôme ) |
People | E / G | first between the Rhine, Leine and Main and in the Thuringian Forest , later in Aquitaine and as a Galatian in Galatia |
Votadini | IK | later Gododdin, in what is now north-east England and south-east Scotland at the upper end of the Firth of Forth |
swell
- Gaius Iulius Caesar : De bello Gallico. The Gallic War . Reclam's Universal Library 9960, translated and edited by Marieluise Deißmann-Merten , Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 978-3-15-009960-5 .
- Pliny the Elder : Naturalis Historia, Book 3–6: Geography and Ethnology. Liber III , Liber IV , Liber V , Liber VI .
- Claudius Ptolemy : Geographike Hyphegesis (Γεωγραφικὴ Ὑφήγησις), Edition of Geographike Hyphegesis with English translation, Dover Publications, 1991.
- Publius Cornelius Tacitus : Agricola. Latin / German; Translator and editor: Robert Feger , Reclams Universal-Bibliothek 836, Stuttgart 1973.
- Publius Cornelius Tacitus: Histories. Latin / German; Translator and editor: Helmuth Vretska , Reclams Universal-Bibliothek 2721, Stuttgart 1984.
literature
- Helmut Birkhan : Celts. Attempt at a complete representation of their culture. Publishing house of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1997, ISBN 3-7001-2609-3 .
- Gerhard Dobesch : The Celts in Austria according to the oldest reports of antiquity. Böhlau, 1980, ISBN 978-3-205-07136-5 .
- John Haywood: Atlas historique des Celtes. Editions Autrement, 2002, ISBN 978-2-7467-0187-8 .
- Bernhard Kremer: The image of the Celts up to the Augustan time . Steiner, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-515-06548-2 .
- Bernhard Maier : Lexicon of Celtic Religion and Culture (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 466). Kröner, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-520-46601-5 .
- Wolfgang Meid : The Celts. Reclams Universal Library , Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-15-017053-3 .
- Jacques Moreau : The World of the Celts (Great Cultures of Humanity; Vol. 8). Phaidon-Verlag, Essen 1985, ISBN 3-88851-087-2 .
- Felix Müller / Geneviève Lüscher : The Celts in Switzerland . Theiss, Stuttgart 2004. ISBN 3-8062-1759-9 .
- The new Pauly. Encyclopedia of Antiquity (DNP). Metzler, Stuttgart 1996-2010, ISBN 3-476-01470-3 .
- David Rankin: Celts and the Classic World , Croom Helm Ltd. 1987, Paperback 1996 at Routledge, London / New York, ISBN 0-415-15090-6 .
- Jaroslav Šašel : To explain the inscription on the Tropaeum Alpium (Plin. Nat. 3, 136-137, CIL V 7871). In: Ziva antika 22, 1972, pp. 135-144.
- Susanne Sievers / Otto H. Urban / Peter C. Ramsl: Lexicon for Celtic Archeology. 2 vols. Communications of the prehistoric commission vol. 73. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 2012, ISBN 978-3-7001-6765-5 .