Caturiger

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The Caturiger ( Latin Caturiges; ancient Greek Κατόριγες) were a Celtic tribe in the Cottian Alps and lived in the valley of the river Druentia (today: Durance ). They controlled the important alpine pass over the Mont Genèvre , which leads from southern Gaul into the Po Valley . The suburb of Eburodunum (today: Embrun ) was a pre-Roman oppidum on a high rock plateau above the Druentia. This oppidum was expanded into a city during Roman times. Another important city of the Caturigians was Caturigomagos (today: Chorges ).

In 58 BC The Caturigians tried together with the Veragrians , Ceutrons and Nantuates to prevent Julius Caesar from invading Gaul to fight the Helvetii , but were defeated. Under Emperor Augustus they were subjugated by Drusus and Tiberius during the Alpine campaigns (25-15 BC) and incorporated into the province of Alpes Cottiae . Emperor Diocletian (284-305) then assigned them to the province of Alpes Maritimae .

It remains uncertain whether there is a connection with the Helvetic war and tribal god Caturix . It is striking that two inscriptions were found on Caturix in Yverdon , which in Roman times was called Eburodunum like the Caturigian suburb . The Gallic name Caturiges means "battle kings" and Eburodunum means "Eibenburg".

literature

  • Der Neue Pauly Vol. 2: »Caturiges«; Vol. 3: »Eburodunum«

Individual evidence

  1. Caesar, Commentarii de bello Gallico 1.10 f.
  2. Pliny, Naturalis historia 3,137.