Taurine
The Taurinians ( Latin Taurini ) were a Ligurian - Celtic tribe who lived on the southern edge of the Alps in what is now Piedmont in Italy . The tribal name is still preserved today in that of the city of Turin (Latin first Castra Taurinorum , then Iulia Augusta Taurinorum , founded in 27 BC as a Colonia with Roman citizenship ).
At the time of Hannibal's invasion of Italy (218 BC), the Taurines were enemies with the Insubres and therefore did not want to join the Carthaginian troops ( Polybios , Historíai III 60). Hannibal defeated the 3800 warriors with an army of 30-40,000 soldiers, which took him three days, and conquered their capital, Taurasia . Out of anger over the loss of 11,000 men, he had almost all of the prisoners executed as a warning to the other northern Italian peoples.
A connection with the Tauris core , who after Polybios ( Historíai II 15) also settled in the Po Valley, is likely. The Taurinians are said to have split off from the Tauris as a tribal part after their lost battle against the Romans .
literature
- Helmut Birkhan : Celts. Attempt at a complete representation of their culture. Publishing house of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1997, ISBN 3-7001-2609-3 .
- Bernhard Maier : Lexicon of Celtic Religion and Culture (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 466). Kröner, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-520-46601-5 , p. 310.
- Francesco Cognasso: Storia di Torino . In: Storie di città . Giunti Editore, Firenze 2002, ISBN 88-09-02883-X , p. 7 (Italian, 633 pages, limited preview in Google Book search).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Helmut Birkhan: Celts. Attempt at a complete representation of their culture. P. 99, note 1.
- ↑ Helmut Birkhan: Celts. Attempt at a complete representation of their culture. P. 96, note 5.
- ↑ Peter Petru: The East Alpine Taurisker and Latobiker . In: Hildegard Temporini (ed.): The rise and fall of the Roman world. Political history. Provinces and fringe peoples. Latin Danube-Balkan area . Verlag de Gruyter, Berlin 1977 ISBN 3-11-006735-8 , pp. 482, 487.