Seduner
The Seduner ( lat. Seduni ) were a Celtic tribe in the area of today's Swiss canton of Valais .
Settlement area
The name Sedun is of Gallic origin and means sedentary . The Sedunians are archaeologically proven in the 1st century BC. Their main settlement was in the middle Valais; Finds are documented in the east as far as the Pfynwald and in the west as far as the valley of the Morge - Sedun (lat. Sedunum ), today's custom , is considered to be their main town . The Sedunians are said to have differed from neighboring tribes by bracelets that end in snake heads .
history
The Seduner appear historically in the Gallic War , when the Roman military leader Servius Galba in 57 BC. With the Legio XII Fulminata tried to bring the Rhone Valley and thus the direct connection between Italy and Northern Gaul ( Great St. Bernard Pass ) under Roman control. In De bello Gallico , Caesar describes, among other things, the conquest of the Valais: together with the neighboring Veragrern and Nantuaten , the Roman army was initially pushed back in the battle of Octodurus near Martigny .
Around 15 BC Chr. Have Drusus and his brother Tiberius (Kaiser Tiberius Claudius Nero 14-37 n. Chr.), Both of Stepsons Augustus , the Alpine campaign to the field of seduni in the Roman Empire incorporated. Together with the Nantuaten, Veragrern and Uberern they then formed the federation quattuor civitates vallis Poeninae in the area of the now Roman administrative unit Raeti Vindelici Vallis Poeninae .
Around 8 to 6 BC The first expressions of loyalty were made by the Valais tribes ( pagi ) of the Seduner and Nantuates to Rome. At the Tropaeum Alpium in La Turbie in honor of Augustus, the Uberi, Nantuates, Seduni and Veragri are listed. The area of the Vallis Poenina is then incorporated into the Roman province of Raetia et Vindelicum , and at the latest after the administrative reform of Diocletian around 300 AD combined with the province of Alpes Graiae as Alpes Graiae et Poeninae . In 23 AD the four tribal communities (civitates) of the Vallis Poenina erect stone monuments in honor of Drusus the Younger , son of Tiberius, and in honor of Caligula . In the years 41 to 47, Emperor Claudius raised Valais to the province of Vallis Poenina ; residents as a federates the Latin citizenship .
With the withdrawal of the Roman troops around the year 401 or after 435, the Seduner settlement area was incorporated into the Burgundian Empire, and Sion became a bishopric in 580.
literature
- Switzerland from the Paleolithic to the Early Middle Ages; Volume 4: Iron Age . Archeology Switzerland (Ed.), Basel 1999. ISBN 3-908006-53-8
- Hubert Cancik (ed.) [Et al.]: Der Neue Pauly: Enzyklopädie der Antike , Volume 1. Metzler, Stuttgart 1996-2003. ISBN 3-476-01471-1
Web links
- François Wiblé: Seduner . In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .