Tecto legends
The Tektosages (Gr. Tektosages , Latin. Tectosages ) were a sub-tribe of the peoples (Latin. Volcae) who settled in the area of the Gallia Narbonensis . Another part of the tribe became one of the three Celtic tribes in Asia Minor that together formed the Galatians . The other two Galatian peoples were the Tolistobogier (also Tolistoagier) and the Trokmer .
The name Tectosages is explained according to a theory by Birkhan as “looking for a roof (a home)” ( tecto-sag- ; sag- in Latin sagio , here in the sense of “following a track”).
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history
The Volcae Tectosages
The folk sub-tribe of the Volcae Tectosages , after Caesar ( bellum Gallicum 6, 24) originally at home in the Herkynian Forest , had after emigrating new residential areas in what was later to be Languedoc , in the area around the two cities Colonia Narbo Martius ( Narbonne ) and Tolose ( Toulouse ), the latter became their capital. In the years 121 to 118 BC They were subjugated by the Romans and incorporated into the new Roman province of Gallia Narbonensis, although they were given a certain autonomy.
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The Galatian tecto sagas
279/278 BC A part of the tectos sagas moved through Thrace in the course of the Celtic south migration together with Tolistobogians and Trokmers . Their destination was the region around Byzantium (Byzantium, Constantinople ), where the Celts first settled. 275 BC They were brought to Bithynia by Nicomedes I as mercenaries to support him in the fight against his brother and to secure the throne for him. They soon became self-employed and plundered through western Asia Minor. In the so-called " Elephant Battle " in 275, 268 or 267 BC The Galatians were defeated by Antiochus I and were given residential areas on both sides of the Halys . The tectos legend settled in the area around Ankyra ( Ankara ).
Tribal division
The tectos were divided into four sub-divisions ( tetrarchies ) under the leadership of a tetrarch. Together with the tetrarchies of the equally structured Tolistobogier and Trokmer, they formed the koinòn Galáton ("Galatian League", later called Galatia ), which, in addition to the twelve tetrarchs, was also led by a council of 300 men. The place of assembly was the drunemeton , the “sacred grove” that cannot be precisely located. A judge ( dikastés ) and a general with two subordinates were appointed by this assembly .
These twelve tetrarchs were replaced by three rulers, until finally under the Tolistobogier Deiotaros Philorhomaios ("Deiotaros Roman friend") a de facto sole rule of a king over all Galatians arose.
literature
- Helmut Birkhan : Celts. Attempt at a complete representation of their culture. Publishing house of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1997, ISBN 3-7001-2609-3 .
- Bernhard Maier : Lexicon of Celtic Religion and Culture (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 466). Kröner, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-520-46601-5 , p. 310.
- Susanne Sievers , Otto H. Urban , Peter C. Ramsl (Hrsg.): Lexicon for Celtic Archeology. Volume 1 A-K. and Volume 2 L-Z. (= Communications of the prehistoric commission. Vol. 73) Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 2012, ISBN 978-3-7001-6765-5 .
- Karl Strobel : The Galatians. Vol. 1: Studies on the history and historical geography of Hellenistic and Roman Asia Minor , Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1996, ISBN 3-05-002543-3 .
- Karl Strobel: Tectosages. In: The New Pauly (DNP). Volume 12/1, Metzler, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-476-01482-7 , column 76 f.
- Walther Ruge : Tecto legends . In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume VA, 1, Stuttgart 1934, Col. 171-173.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Helmut Birkhan: Celts. Attempt at a complete representation of their culture. P. 87.
- ^ Strabo : Geographika 4, 6, 4.
- ↑ a b Helmut Birkhan: Celts. Attempt at a complete representation of their culture. Pp. 139-148.
- ↑ a b Sievers / Urban / Ramsl: Lexicon of Celtic Archeology. A – K. Pp. 585-586.
- ^ Strabo: Geographika 12, 5, 1.