Salluvier

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Map showing the distribution of the Salluvians (Salyens) in Roman times.

The salyes (lat. Salluvii , the sources also Salyes (gr. Σάλυες) Sallyes (Σάλλυες) or Sallui ) were a tribe that in the ancient times in the southeastern Gaul moved.

The Salluvians, a Celtic - Ligurian mixed people, settled between the Rhone and the Maritime Alps in the south of France near the Luberon and the Verdon Gorge . Their main town was Entremont . Around 600 BC The Phocaeans , Greek settlers, founded the city of Massilia, now Marseille , on the Salluvian territory . The Salluvians were among the most powerful tribes in Gaul and were allied with a large number of smaller peoples, including the Libuians and the Segobrigians . In the 2nd century BC They threatened Massilia several times in BC, which then finally called the Romans for help. They sent 125/124 BC. Their consul Marcus Fulvius Flaccus , who managed a victory against the Ligurians, Vocontiers and Salluvians. A year later, a Roman consul, Gaius Sextius Calvinus , fought again against the same tribes.

122 BC BC Calvinus could finally defeat the Salluvians. He had their capital destroyed and its inhabitants - with the exception of a few Rome-friendly Gauls - enslaved. He then founded the castle Aquae Sextiae Salluviorum (today Aix-en-Provence ) nearby and made the area the Roman province of Gallia Narbonensis . Revolts of the Salluvians are then for the year 90 BC. And the time of Caesar attests.

literature

Remarks

  1. ↑ Salyes in Avienus 691; 701; Sallyes in Iulius Obsequens 90; 92; Σάλυες or Σάλλυες in Ptolemy 2,10,8; Appian , Celt. 12; Sallui Pliny the Elder , naturalis historia 3.47; 3.124; Salluvii in Livy 35.2; epitome 60; 61; Pliny, naturalis historia 3.36; Florus 1,19,5; Ammianus Marcellinus 15:11:15.
  2. ↑ Diodorus 34:23.
  3. ↑ On the Roman military campaigns in Gaul in the 120s Bert Freyberger, southern Gaul in the 1st century BC Phases, consequences and limits of Roman conquest (125–27 / 22 BC) , Franz Steiner, Stuttgart 1999, p. 77f.
  4. ↑ Livy , periochiae 73.
  5. ↑ Caesar, de bello civili 1,35,4.