Carlisle
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Carlisle The Great Border City |
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| Coordinates | 54 ° 53 ′ N , 2 ° 57 ′ W | ||
| OS National Grid | NY395555 | ||
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| Residents | 71,773 (as of: 2001) | ||
| language | English | ||
| administration | |||
| Post town | CARLISLE | ||
| ZIP code section | CA1-CA6 | ||
| prefix | 01228 | ||
| Part of the country | England | ||
| region | North West England | ||
| Shire county | Cumbria | ||
| District | Carlisle | ||
| British Parliament | Carlisle | ||
| Website: carlisle.gov.uk | |||
Carlisle [kɑːlaɪl], [kɑːlaɪl] is a town in the county of Cumbria in northern England . It is the most important settlement in the City of Carlisle , is about 16 km from the border with Scotland and has a population of around 75,000 (2011).
history
The first settlement to be established in the area of Carlisle was the Celtic Luguvalion , which developed into the Roman city of Luguvalium in the 2nd century . One dedicatory inscription (RIB 947) names the Celtic-Roman deity Mars Barrex , another (RIB 949) Mars Ocelus . In the 12th century, Carlisle became the capital of County Cumberland .
The city is located on a slight rise, the Cumberland Ward, at the confluence of the Eden , Caldew and Petteril rivers . The city is part of the City of Carlisle district and is the administrative center of both the district and the county.
As the last English city before the Scottish border, Carlisle became an important fortress when the two countries were still two separate kingdoms; Carlisle Castle , which was expanded by the German military engineer Stephan von Haschenperg in 1541/42, is still in good condition today. It was built by King Wilhelm II in 1092 and once served as a prison for Maria Stuart . Due to the frequently changing course of the Anglo-Scottish border during the Scottish Wars of Independence, Carlisle has a distinctly Scottish atmosphere.
As a major trading center and railway hub , Carlisle is 90 km west of Newcastle upon Tyne , 114 km north of Lancaster , 144 km south of Glasgow , 149 km southwest of Edinburgh , 190 km northwest of York and 480 km north-northwest of London .
Carlisle in literature
In his chivalric novels Chrétien de Troyes moved the legend about King Arthur to Galloway ; Chrétien ascribes a second residence to the king - besides Camelot -: "Cardeoil". The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle again (around 1150) mentions “Cardeol” or “Carduil” as the name of today's Carlisle.
Buildings and infrastructure
- The award-winning Tullie House Museum tells the history of the frontier and shows material about Hadrian's Wall , which runs along near the city.
- The Cathedral of Carlisle is a nearly 900-year-old church (consecrated 1133).
- Fortress Carlisle Castle
religion
The Carlisle Cathedral belongs to the Anglican diocese . For the Catholics, the city belongs to the diocese of Lancaster .
Twin cities
Flensburg has been a twin town of Carlisle since 1961, and Słupsk in Poland since April 3, 1987. The three towns entered into a triangular partnership on June 29, 1988 .
sons and daughters of the town
- Edward Tiffin (1766–1829), politician
- Samuel Bough (1822–1878), landscape painter
- William Thomas Best (1826-1897), organist
- George MacDonald Fraser (1925-2008), author
- Ifor James (1931-2004), horn player
- Gordon Adam (* 1934), politician
- Rish Gordon (* 1935), glass engraver
- Margaret Forster (1938–2016), teacher, journalist and writer
- Peter Thompson (1942-2018), football player
- David Bain (1945-2004), classical philologist
- Mike Figgis (born 1948), director
- Kevin Beattie (1953-2018), soccer player
- Chris Palmer (* 1962), motorcycle racer
- Nicki French (* 1964), singer and dancer
- Steve Borthwick (born 1979), rugby union player
- Rose Kemp (* 1984), singer and guitarist
- Alex MacDowall (* 1991), racing car driver
- Eleanor Dickinson (* 1998), cyclist
Web links
- Tullie House Museum on tulliehouse.co.uk
Individual evidence
- ↑ Carlisle Cathedral , Pitkin Pictorials Ltd, London 1972, 25 p. With many photos.
- ↑ Carlisle. (No longer available online.) Urząd Miejski w Słupsku, archived from the original on April 16, 2013 ; Retrieved November 29, 2012 (Polish). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ City partnership Carlisle-Flensburg on flensburg.de
