Libri Feudorum

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The Libri feudorum (singular: liber feudorum ) are a name for a Lombard collection of feudal law that arose from initially unwritten customary law. They are considered to be the most important source of feudal law in Italy in the Middle Ages. Her text editing was completed around 1250. In addition, the feudal laws of Conrad II ( Constitutio de feudis , 1037), Lothars III. (1136) and Frederick I ( Laws of Roncaglia , 1158) important legal sources.

The text has survived in three versions, which were written between the middle of the 12th and the middle of the 13th century:

  1. Compilatio antiqua or Compilatio Obertina , after the Milanese lawyer Obertus de Orto , from whom some treatises in the collection come, from the middle of the 12th century; contains Tituli I, 1 to II, 24 of the Vulgate Review, with the exception of II, 6 and the beginning of 7
  2. Recensio Ardizonica , after Jacobus de Ardizone ; Contains Tituli I, 1 to II, 51 of the Vulgate Review, except II, 6, 7 (beginning) and 27
  3. an expanded and by Hugolinus de Presbiteris (Ugolino de 'Presbiteri; † around 1233) rearranged review, which was inserted into the authenticity (imperial laws) of Justinians of the Corpus Iuris Civilis as Decima Collatio Novellarum
  4. Between 1428 and 1431 Antonio Mincucci de Pratoveteri (* 1380; † 1464?) Reorganized , who also incorporated the glosses and additions that had been made since then.

The second, the so-called Ardizonische Review , is the basis for the oldest legal commentary on the texts by Pilius . Commentaries by Accursius are based on his incomplete comments , and he also included legal texts that had not yet been part of the canon in the older versions (e.g. the feudal law of Emperor Lothar of 1136, the Landfrieden, the catalog of regalia and the feudal law of Emperor Frederick I. v. Roncaglia (1158) and the coronation laws of Emperor Frederick II of 1220). The authority of the Accursius led to the fact that his text version of the libri feudorum was included in the Vulgate version of the Corpus iuris civilis and that his commentaries as part of the Glossa ordinaria became the subject of legal instruction. Since the 13th century, the libri feudorum found extensive legal commentaries ( Andreas de Isernia (1220-1316), Odofredus Bononiensis († 1265), Johannes Fasolus (* around 1220, † 1286), Henricus de Segusio , Baldus de Ubaldis , Jacques de Révigny , Jean de Blanot (around 1230; † around 1280), Jacobus Alvarottus (1385–1453), Jacobus de Ardizone , Jacobus de Belvisio (* around 1270; † 1335), Jason de Mayno (Giasone del Maino; 1435–1519) , Johannes Antonius de Sancto Georgio († 1378), Johannes Blancus , Martinus Syllimanni , Mattheus de Afflictis (Matteo D'Afflitto; * around 1447, † 1523)).

The text was the basis of European feudal law until the French Revolution .

Editions

  • Consuetudines feudorum, arr. v. Karl Lehmann , (ND Aalen 1971), Göttingen 1892 (Bibliotheca rerum historicarum).
  • Karl Lehmann: The Lombard feudal law. Manuscripts, text development, oldest text and vulgar text along with the capitula extraordinaria, Göttingen 1896.

literature

  • Peter Weimar : liber feudorum , in: Lexikon des Mittelalters, Vol. 5, Sp. 1943–1944.
  • Gerhard Dilcher : The Lombard feudal law of the Libri Feudorum in the European context. Origin - central problems - effects. Konstanz Working Group for Medieval History , Lectures and Research (VuF), no year, pp. 41–91.
  • Mario Montorzi: Diritto feudale nel basso medioevo. Materiali di lavoro e strumenti critici per l'esegesi della glossa ordinaria ai Libri feudorum, con la ristampa anastatica dei 'Libri feudorum' e della loro glossa ordinaria. Turin 1991.
  • Magnus Ryan: 'Ius commune feudorum' in the thirteenth century, in: ... colendo iustitiam et iura condendo ... Federico II legislatore del Regno di Sicilia nell'Europa del Duecento, ed. v. Andrea Romano, Rome 1997, pp. 51-66.
  • Peter Weimar: The manuscripts of the Liber Feudorum and its glosses, in: ders .: On the Renaissance of Jurisprudence in the Middle Ages, Goldbach 1997 (Bibliotheca eruditorum / International Library of Science).

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