Linobambaki

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Linobambaki ( Greek Λινοβάμβακοι Linovámvakoi ) were a community that lived in Cyprus . They count as part of the Cypriot Turks and Cypriot Greeks . Their number was estimated at 1,200 during British colonial times, and according to other sources at 2,000 to 3,000.

Hassan Pouli (Hasan Bulli), a historical figure in Cypriot folklore

etymology

The word Linobambaki is derived from the combination of the Greek words λινο ( lino ), "linen" and βάμβακοι ( vamvaki ), "cotton". The designation is intended to show that they appear like Muslims outwardly, despite their Latin Catholic origin.

history

The conquest of Cyprus by the Ottomans in 1570/71 ended with Cyprus coming under Ottoman rule. Immediately after the war, sanctions were imposed on the island's Latin population. The rivalry between Venetians and Ottomans was at its height. The Ottomans viewed the Latin Catholic population as a security risk to Cyprus and feared that they would persuade Venetians to return. Therefore, the Ottomans were less tolerant of the Catholic community than they were of the Greek Orthodox community. In addition to political and religious pressure, economic oppression emerged, including the denial of their rights to property. The Catholic residents converted to Islam to avoid slavery, oppression or death. This affected Latins, Venetians, Genoese, Maronites and Armenians. The name Linobambaki was derived from this commitment to Islam.

The Linobambaki were only apparently converted and did not show their religious convictions to the outside world. In everyday life they had chosen both a Christian and a Muslim name or a common name that existed in both faiths. Examples are Ibrahim (Abraham), Yusuf (Joseph) or Musa (Moses). As part of annual conscription, they were often drafted into the Ottoman army and they avoided paying taxes for non-Muslims . The Linobambaki did not fully convert to a traditional Muslim way of life and only displayed religious practices and beliefs when it brought them benefits that were only available to Muslims. Many of the Linobambaki villages had names of Christian saints that began with άγιος (ayios, "saint") in order to assign it to their Roman Catholic origins.

settlement

Many of the villages and neighboring regions that are considered Cypriot Turkish were once centers of Linobambaki activities. This includes:

  • Agios Sozomenos (Arpalık)
  • Agios Theodoros (Boğaziçi)
  • Armenochori (Esenköy)
  • Ayios Andronikos (Yeşilköy)
  • Ayios Iakovos (Altınova)
  • Ayios Ioannis (Ayyanni)
  • Ayios Khariton (Ergenekon)
  • Dali (Dali)
  • Frodisia (Yağmuralan)
  • Galinoporni (Kaleburnu)
  • Kato Arodhes (Aşağı Kalkanlı)
  • Tylliria (Dillirga)
  • Kornokipos (Görneç)
  • Limnitis (Yeşilırmak)
  • Melounta (Mallıdağ)
  • Platani (Çınarlı)
  • Potamia (Bodamya)
  • Kritou Marottou (Grit-Marut)
  • Vretsia (Vretça)
Protesters of the demonstrations in Northern Cyprus 2011

The current situation

The Ottoman Empire's millet system was abolished during the British reign. Since then, people have been divided into two main groups for censuses and administrative tasks.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Selim Deringil: Conversion and Apostasy in the Late Ottoman Empire . Cambridge University Press, 2012, ISBN 978-1-107-00455-9 , pp. 112 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  2. ↑ Chrysostom PERICLEOUS: Cyprus referendum: A Divided Iceland and the Challenge of the Annan plan . IBTauris, 2009, ISBN 978-0-85771-193-9 , pp. 131 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  3. ↑ Hadjidemetriou: Οι κρυπτοχριστιανοί της Κύπρου. (No longer available online.) Church of Cyprus, March 23, 2010, archived from the original on July 27, 2014 ; accessed on May 10, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.churchofcyprus.org.cy
  4. ↑ Celâl Erdönmez: Linobambakiler. In: Şer'iyye Sicillere Göre Kıbrıs'ta Toplum Yapısı (1839-1856). Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, 2004, p. 44. ( eprints.sdu.edu.tr ( Memento of the original dated December 24, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link accordingly Instructions and then remove this note. , PDF, Turkish) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / eprints.sdu.edu.tr
  5. ↑ Pinar Senisik: The Transformation of Ottoman Crete: Revolts, Politics and Identity in the Late Nineteenth Century . IBTauris, 2011, ISBN 978-0-85772-056-6 , pp. 64 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  6. ↑ Idesbald Goddeeris: De Europese periferie . Leuven University Press, 2004, ISBN 90-5867-359-6 , pp. 275 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
  7. ↑ Servet Sami Dedeçay: Kıbrıslı Türk kadınının eğitim aracılığı sayesinde dinsel mutaassıplıktan sıyrılıp çağdaş hak ve özgürlük kuralllarını kabullenişi . Lefkoşa Özel Türk Üniversitesi, 2008, p. 297 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  8. ↑ James Knowles: The Twentieth Century and After . Spottiswoode, 1908, p. 753 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  9. ↑ Captain AR Savile: Cyprus . HM Stationery Office, 1878, p. 130 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  10. ^ Luigi Palma di Cesnola, Charles William King, Alexander Stuart Murray: Cyprus: Its Ancient Cities, Tombs, and Temples: a Narrative of Researches and Excavations During Ten Years' Residence in that Island . Harper & Brothers, 1878, p. 185 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  11. ^ Frederic Henry Fisher: Cyprus, our new colony, and what we know about it . George Routledge and Sons, 1878, p. 42 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  12. ↑ a b c d Jan Asmussen: "We were like brothers": Coexistence and the emergence of conflicts in ethnically mixed villages on Cyprus . LIT Verlag Münster, 2001, ISBN 3-8258-5403-5 , p. 78–79 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  13. ↑ Tassos A. Mikropoulos: Elevating and Safeguarding Culture Using Tools of the Information Society: Dusty traces of the Muslim culture . Livanis, 2008, ISBN 978-960-233-187-3 , Linovamvaki, p. 93 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  14. ↑ a b c d Alexander-Michael Hadjilyra: The Armenians of Cyprus . Kalaydjian Foundation, 2009, p. 13 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  15. ^ Ian Robertson: Cyprus . Benn, 1981, ISBN 0-510-01633-2 , pp. 85 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  16. ^ A b Marc Dubin: Cyprus . Rough Guides, 2002, ISBN 1-85828-863-0 , pp. 412 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  17. ↑ Esat Mustafa: Kıbrıs tarihinde Yağmuralan (Vroişa) . Ateş Matbaacılık, Nicosia 2013, p. 39 (Turkish).
  18. ↑ Tuncer Bağışkan: Kaleburnu köyüne bir yolculuk (1). In: YeniDüzen Gazetesi, Nicosia. United Media Group, March 15, 2014, accessed June 10, 2014 (Turkish).
  19. ↑ Kiamran Halil: The Rape of Cyprus . Prosperity Publications, 1983, ISBN 0-905506-07-3 , pp. 19 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  20. ↑ a b Louis Mas Latrie: L'île de Chypre: sa situation présente et ses souvenirs du moyen-age . Firmin-Didot et cio, 1879, p. 43 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  21. ↑ Mahmut Islamoglu, Sevket Oznur: Linobambaki: The Christian-Muslim Cypriots . 2013, p. 5 ( online ).
  22. ↑ Arif Hasan Tahsin: Yeter ki Tohum Çürük Olmasın. In: Yeniçağ Gazetesi, Nicosia. September 3, 2004, accessed June 10, 2014 (Turkish).
  23. ↑ Samson Opondo, Michael J. Shapiro: The New Violent Cartography: Geo-Analysis after the Aesthetic gymnastics . Routledge, 2012, ISBN 978-1-136-34508-1 , pp. 205 ( limited preview in Google Book search).