List of temples, synagogues and mosques converted into churches

The list of temples, synagogues and mosques converted into churches includes worship buildings of other religions that were subsequently set up for Christian worship. It is limited to those cases where the conversion can still be seen in the architecture today. Churches that were newly built on the site of such a church service building are not recorded.

The reasons that led to such a change of use are diverse. However, similar tasks arose during the renovation. The orientation of an existing building could not be changed afterwards, but in the interior the area of ​​the Christian altar was separated out and emphasized.

List sorted by country

	country	place	Original usage	Christian usage	Remarks
	Bulgaria	Uzundschowo	Mosque with caravanserai	Church of the Assumption
	Germany	Coesfeld	synagogue	Christ Church (Free Church Community Center)	The synagogue, inaugurated in 1810, was privately owned in 1938 and was therefore not destroyed during the November pogroms . Ecclesiastical use from 1966 to 2012, since then a memorial.
	Germany	Dargun	synagogue	Baptist Church	Half-timbered building from 1828, profaned in 1938. Church use since 1951.
	Germany	Dransfeld	synagogue	Chapel To the Seven Sorrows of Mary	Half-timbered building from 1810. Devastated in the November pogroms in 1938, but not set on fire because of the narrow buildings. From 1951 to 1975 Catholic chapel.
	Germany	Eschwege	synagogue	New Apostolic Church	Classicist plastered building from 1838, central projection with four-column portico. Badly damaged in the November pogroms in 1938; church use since 1954.
	Germany	Lilacs	synagogue	Protestant church	Built in 1870. In the November pogroms in 1938, the interior was smashed and the building remained intact. Conversion to the church in 1950/51.
	Germany	Hoechberg	synagogue	Evangelical Lutheran parish church of St. Matthew	Baroque country synagogue built in 1721. Special feature: Chuppastein, originally on the outer wall. In the November pogroms in 1938, the interior was smashed and the building remained intact. Church use since 1951.
	Germany	Rexingen	synagogue	Evangelical community center	Built in 1838 and renovated in 1934/35. The building burned down completely in the November pogroms in 1938. Rebuilt in 1952 for church use.
	Germany	Rimbach	synagogue	Catholic Church of St. Elisabeth	Inaugurated in 1840. In the November pogroms of 1938 the interior was smashed, but the arson was prevented. Forced sale of the building to the municipality, from which the Catholic Church acquired it in 1951. Externally greatly changed by being converted into a church.
	France	Nîmes	Temple dedicated to the adoptive sons of Augustus who died early		Maison Carrée : changing uses, at times also as a church.
	Greece	Athens	Temple of Hephaestus	George's Church	The most important Greek Orthodox church in Athens under Ottoman rule. Today part of the Archaeological Park of the Athens Agora.
	Greece	Athens	Parthenon	Marienkirche	Mosque in Ottoman times.
	Greece	Heraklion	mosque	Agios Titos	The building is a new build after earthquake, completed in 1872. After the Muslim population had to leave Crete, it was converted into an Orthodox church, which was consecrated in 1925.
	Greece	Kavala	Ibrahim Pasha Mosque	Agios Nikolaos	Built in 1530 as a central mosque on the spot where a Christian basilica had previously stood. After the Muslim population left in 1926/27, it was converted into an Orthodox church (consecrated in 1945).
	Greece	Thessaloniki	Cult building of the Kabiren or Zeus (or mausoleum)	Agioi Asomatoi	So-called rotunda . From 1590 to 1912 a mosque, before and after a church, since 1917 a museum.
	Italy	Agrigento	Concordia temple	San Pietro e Paolo
	Italy	Assisi	Hercules, later Minerva temple	Santa Maria sopra Minerva
	Italy	Rome	Pantheon	Santa Maria ad Martyres
	Italy	Rome	Temple of Antoninus Pius and Faustina	San Lorenzo in Miranda
	Italy	Rome	Temple of Romulus	Santi Cosma e Damiano
	Italy	Rome	Temple of Hercules Victor	San Stefano, later: Santa Maria del Sole
	Italy	Rome	Temple of Portunus	Santa Maria Secundicerii, later: Santa Maria Egiziaca
	Italy	Tivoli	Temple of the Sibyl	San Giorgio
	Italy	Tivoli	Temple of Vesta	Santa Maria Rotonda
	Italy	Trani	Scolagrande Synagogue	Santi Qirico e Giovita, later: Chiesa di Sant 'Anna	Today a museum (Jewish section of the Diocesan Museum).
	Italy	Trani	Scolanova Synagogue	Santa Maria in Scolanova	Since 2005 used again by the Jewish community in Trani for church services.
	Croatia	Pula	Augustus Temple	Byzantine Church	Profaned in modern times and used as a granary.
	Mexico	Mexico city	Aztec cult center	Colegio de la Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco with Church of Santiago de Tlatelolco
	Mexico	Cholula	Pyramid of Cholula , probably dedicated to Quetzalcoatl	Nuestra Señora de los Remedios	The Marienkirche was built on top of the pyramid.
	Peru	Cusco	Coricancha	Convento de Santo Domingo	Main temple of the Inca culture, ruins of the Dominican monastery built over.
	Portugal	Mertola	mosque	Nossa Senhora da Anunciação
	Romania	Brăila	mosque	Sf. Arhangheli Mihail si Gavril (Church of Saints Archangels Michael and Gabriel)	The early 18th century mosque was converted into an Orthodox church in 1830.
	Spain	Árchez	mosque	Nuestra Señora de la Encarnación	Well-preserved minaret from the 14th century, today a bell tower.
	Spain	Carmona	Friday mosque	Collegiate Church of Santa María de la Asunción
	Spain	Cordoba	Friday mosque	Cordoba Cathedral	The mosque building was used as a church, renovated and maintained. It was not until the 16th century that major modifications were made to a cathedral.
	Spain	Jaén	synagogue	San Andrés
	Spain	Ronda	Friday mosque	Collegiate Church of Santa María la Mayor	In addition to the remains of the minaret in the bell tower, the mihrab with Arabic inscriptions has also been partially preserved.
	Spain	Ronda	mosque	Iglesia de San Sebastian	The basement of the minaret has been preserved as a bell tower.
	Spain	Segovia	Main synagogue	Corpus Christi Church (Poor Clare Monastery Church)	Extensive reconstruction after a major fire in 1899.
	Spain	Seville	Friday mosque	Seville Cathedral	The minaret ( Giralda ) was hardly changed in its Almohadic substance and only a bell house was rebuilt for use as a church tower. A Christian church was built into the main mosque, but after this mosque-church became dilapidated, the existing Gothic cathedral was built in its place in the 14th century.
	Spain	Seville	mosque	Santa Catalina	The basement of the minaret was hardly changed.
	Spain	Toledo	mosque	El Cristo de la Luz	The former mosque, then El Cristo de la Luz church, is now a museum. (The main mosque of Toledo was rededicated as a Christian cathedral, but has since been replaced by a new building.)
	Spain	Toledo	mosque	San Andrés
	Spain	Toledo	mosque	Santas Justa y Rufina
	Spain	Toledo	mosque	San Salvador
	Spain	Toledo	Synagogue of Samuel ha-Levi Abulafía	San Benito; later: Nuestra Señora del Tránsito	Today a museum ( Museo Sefardí ).
	Spain	Toledo	synagogue	Santa María la Bianca	Today museum.
	Syria	Palmyra	Temple of Bēl	Byzantine Church
	Turkey	Diocaisareia	Temple of Zeus Olbios	Episcopal Church of Diokaisareia	Conversion to a church, probably in the 5th century, whereby the building remained recognizable as a former temple.
	Turkey	Pergamon	Red Hall (sanctuary of the Egyptian deities)	Three-aisled gallery basilica
	Hungary	Pécs	Mosque of the Pasha Qasim	Church of the Candlemas in the lower town	Mihrab, Koran calligraphies on the walls.
	Hungary	Pécs	Mosque of the Pasha Jakowali Hassan	Nepomuk Chapel	Today museum. A complete mosque interior was donated by the Turkish state, and on Fridays after the museum closes, Muslims come here to pray.

literature

• Johannes Hahn, Stephen Emell, Ulrich Gotter (Eds.): From Temple to Church: Destruction and Renewal of Local Cultic Topography in Late Antiquity. Brill, Leiden / Boston 2008. ISBN 978-90-04-13141-5 .
• Tobias Arera-Rütenik: Transformations from mosques to churches on the Iberian Peninsula (= Berlin contributions to building research and monument preservation . Volume 14) Michael Imhof Verlag, 2017. ISBN 978-3-7319-0318-5 .
• Wiebke Deymann: Christians, Jews and Muslims in medieval Seville. Religious minorities under Muslim and Christian dominance (12th to 14th centuries). LIT Verlag, Münster 2012. ISBN 978-3-643-11554-6 .
• Benjamin Scheller: The city of the new Christians: Converted Jews and their descendants in the Trani of the late Middle Ages between inclusion and exclusion. Akademie Verlag, 2013. ISBN 978-3-05-005977-8 .

Individual evidence

1. ^ Former synagogue - New Apostolic Church. In: Tourist Information Eschwege. Accessed December 30, 2018 . 
2. ^ Flieden (Fulda district). In: Alemannia Judaica. Accessed December 30, 2018 . 
3. ^ Höchberg (market town, Würzburg district). In: Alemannia Judaica. Accessed December 30, 2018 . 
4. ^ Rimbach (Bergstrasse district). In: Alemannia Judaica. Accessed December 30, 2018 . 
5. ↑ Benjamin Scheller: The city of the New Christians: Converted Jews and their descendants in the Trani of the late Middle Ages between inclusion and exclusion . S. 364 .
6. ↑ Tourist attractions. In: Municipiul Brăila. Accessed December 30, 2018 . 
7. ↑ Árchez. The minaret. In: Diputación de Málaga. Accessed December 30, 2018 . 
8. ^ ^{A b} Wiebke Deymann: Christians, Jews and Muslims in medieval Seville . S. 192 .
9. ^ Wiebke Deymann: Christians, Jews and Muslims in Medieval Seville . S. 193-194 .
10. ↑ Philipp Pilhofer: The early Christianity in the Kilikisch-Isaurischen mountain country . Berlin / Boston 2018, p. 187-188 .
11. ↑ mosque. In: Diocese of Pécs. Accessed December 30, 2018 . 
12. ↑ Adolf Stock: Bell towers and minaret. In Pécs / Fünfkirchen churches and mosques tell of the diversity of cultures. In: Deutschlandfunk Kultur. July 10, 2010, accessed December 30, 2018 .