Temple of the Sibyl (Tivoli)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Temple of the Sibyl to the right of the Temple of Vesta on the former Acropolis of Tibur
Temple of the Sibyl (right) next to the Temple of Vesta

The so-called Temple of the Sibyl is a Roman temple in Tivoli , the ancient Tibur, in the metropolitan city of Rome , which is located next to the so-called Temple of Vesta .

history

The temple was built in the 2nd century BC. Built on the acropolis of ancient Tibur .

In the Middle Ages, a church was set up inside the temple, which was dedicated to Saint George and was first mentioned in 978 AD. The frescoes of the church, which could be seen until the beginning of the 20th century, have disappeared.

allocation

The temple is traditionally assigned to the Sibylle Albunea , since ancient sources, for example Horace , mention her sanctuary in the Anienetal area. In fact, however, it is not certain which deity he was actually consecrated. Tiburnus, namesake and son of the founder of the city Catillus, or Hercules are also suggested .

construction

The temple, oriented in a westerly direction, was built on a substructure made of tuff stone blocks, which extended the plateau of the Acropolis. This substructure can still be seen today below the temple ruins in the direction of the Villa Gregoriana . The temple is a pseudoperipteros , comparable to the Temple of Portunus in Rome. Its dimensions are 15.90 meters by 9.15 meters. It stands on a 1.76 meter high podium made of travertine , which was accessible via a flight of stairs on the west side. Of the original four columns on the front, two have been preserved, albeit without a capital. These were columns of Ionic order , as can be seen from the preserved abacus of one of the third columns . Along the side walls of the cella there were five third columns each, with two more on the back wall. The wall on the entrance side of the cella is lost. The interior was adorned with painting and stucco, which are also lost.

Photo gallery

  • Front pillars

  • Half column on the cella wall

  • Half columns on the right cella wall

  • Inside the cella

  • Pillar in front of the cella

  • Right side of the Temple of the Sibyl

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Richard Delbrueck : Hellenistic buildings in Latium. Volume 2. Trübner, Strasbourg 1912, p. 11 ff. ( Google Books )
  2. ↑ Hor. Carm. I 7.11 translation at projekt-gutenberg.org
  3. ^ Rossbach: Catillus. In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume III, 2, Stuttgart 1899, Col. 1789 f. [1]
  4. ↑ Ralf Grüßinger, dissertation at the Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, 2001, p. 101

Web links

Commons : Temple of the Sibyl (Tivoli)  - collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

  • Richard Delbrueck : Hellenistic Buildings in Latium. Volume 2. Trübner, Strassburg 1912, pp. 14-16, plates 7-9 ( digitized version ).
  • Cairoli Fulvio Giuliani, Zaccaria Mari: Tibur. Volume 1 (= Forma Italiae. I 14). Olschki, Florenz 1970, pp. 132-140.
  • Filippo Coarelli : I santuari del Lazio in età repubblicana. La Nuova Italia scientifica, Rome 1987, pp. 106-109.

Coordinates: 41 ° 58 ′ 0.4 ″  N , 12 ° 48 ′ 3.4 ″  E