Loire 102
| Loire 102 | |
|---|---|
 Loire 102 with the early tail shape |
|
| Type: | Long distance flying boat |
| Design country: | |
| Manufacturer: | |
| First flight: |
May 12, 1936 |
| Commissioning: |
1936 |
| Number of pieces: |
1 |
The Loire 102 Bretagne is a French long-range flying boat , which was developed in the 1930s as a one-off for civil aviation over the South Atlantic.
development
The Loire 102 was specially designed for the transatlantic mail route between West Africa and Brazil. In addition to a cargo hold, it also received a three-meter-long passenger cabin that could accommodate up to four people. After her maiden flight on May 12, 1936, the flying boat, baptized in the name of Bretagne and F–AOVVcertified as a flying boat, began service. However, vibrations occurred repeatedly during the flights, which one tried to control by changing the tail unit. For example, a smaller third one was added in the middle to the originally two side fins placed on the horizontal fin by extending the fuselage. Finally, the construction of the tail unit was radically changed and the flying boat received a large, square fin with a continuous rudder and two smaller side end plates. Nevertheless, the problem of vibrations could not be eliminated during the entire operating time and so the Loire 102 was decommissioned and scrapped in 1938.
construction
The Loire 102 is braced monoplane in metal construction .
- hull
- The two-stage , keeled hull consists of Védal- and duralumin with open profiles and sheet metal. The keel is made from a longitudinal beam with crossbars and bulkheads . In the foredeck there is the passenger cabin with a length of 3 m, to which the room for the crew is connected. Behind it are four fuel tanks with a total of 2200 l volume and the cargo hold.
- Structure
- The three-part, braced wing is formed from a framework made of Védal sheet and duralumin and two main spars . The middle section of the wing is clad with sheet metal, while the outer wings are covered with fabric. Two streamlined tubular steel frames are placed on the wing , which carry the two nacelles with the motors arranged in tandem with propellers in a pull and push configuration. Most of the fuel is carried in four 1,800 liter wing tanks. These are equipped with quick drains for emergencies. The Loire 102 has two I-braces on each side towards the hull.
- Tail unit
- Like the supporting structure , the tail fins are also formed from a védal and duralumin frame stretched with fabric. The side fins are placed on the undivided horizontal stabilizer that can be adjusted in flight and, depending on the version, is supported on the fuselage with V or I struts.
- Floating mechanism
- Under the outer wings, the Loire 102 has a single-stage metal support float, which is attached to the lower wing by diagonal struts and horizontal struts to the fuselage.
Technical specifications
| Parameter | Data |
|---|---|
| crew | 5 |
| Passengers | 4th |
| length | 23.00 m |
| span | 34.00 m |
| height | k. A. |
| Wing area | 125 m² + 12 m² supporting struts |
| Wing extension | 9.3 |
| Preparation mass | 9,600 kg |
| Payload | 8,500 kg |
| payload | 1,000 kg |
| Takeoff mass | 18,100 kg |
| Wing loading | 132.0 kg / m² |
| Power load | 6.3 kg / hp |
| Area performance | 21.0 hp / m² |
| drive | four water-cooled twelve-cylinder - V-engines with three-bladed propellers tensile and compressive |
| Type | Hispano-Suiza 12 Xbrs-1 |
| rated capacity | 720 PS (530 kW) each |
| Fuel volume | 9400 l |
| Top speed | 310 km / h at 3,000 m |
| Cruising speed | 250 km / h at 4,000 m |
| Rate of climb | 2.7 m / s |
| Summit height | 6,000 m |
| Range | 3250 km |
literature
- Peter All-Fernandez (ed.): Aircraft from A to Z . Volume 3: Koolhoven FK 56-Zmaj. Bernard & Graefe, Koblenz 1989, ISBN 3-7637-5906-9 , pp. 61 .
- Werner von Langsdorff : Handbook of aviation . Born in 1939. 2nd, unchanged edition. J. F. Lehmann, Munich 1937, p. 470 .
