Shoulder decker
Shoulder- wing aircraft refers to an aircraft with wings that are flush with the upper edge of the fuselage . Typical representatives of this design are the Cessna 150/152 , the four- engine narrow -body aircraft BAe 146 and the Schleicher K 8 glider , but also the Transall C-160 , the transport aircraft of the German armed forces, and its successor, the Airbus A400M .
One advantage of the shoulder wing construction is that the wing spar is not guided through the fuselage; another (especially with small, single-engine aircraft) the good view of the earth from the cockpit. A disadvantage (at least in the case of large, multi-engine aircraft) is a more complex design of the landing gear. The limited (upper) all-round view can also be a disadvantage for some aircraft. B. Fighter planes in this wing arrangement are very rare exceptions.
In cargo aircraft for bulky goods, the shoulder wing design is preferred because it limits the cargo space in the wings less. In multi-engine propeller aircraft, e.g. B. turbo-prop aircraft , it enables the engines to be arranged higher, so that the propellers have sufficient ground clearance without an expensive higher landing gear is only needed to raise the fuselage and wings , as is the case with low- wing aircraft . The low-lying fuselage enables passenger aircraft to use on-board stairs for boarding, or a stern ramp for cargo aircraft for loading.
Another advantage of shoulder-wing planes with engines mounted on the wings is the improved possibility of using unpaved runways: the greater distance between the engines and the runway reduces the likelihood of damage or excessive pollution caused by thrown up dirt. This is relevant, for example, for military transport aircraft or civilian supply flights to remote research stations or raw material mines.
literature
- Heinz AF Schmidt: Lexicon aviation . 2nd Edition. transpress VEB Verlag for Transport, Berlin 1972, p. 330 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Device identification sheet no. 216 of the Federal Aviation Office, 17 kB, PDF file
