Madrigal verse
As Madrigalvers in German is Verslehre one originally from the Italian music, the Madrigal declining verse style called that beginning with Caspar Ziegler's book of madrigals in the poetry of the Baroque appears.
Madrigal verses alternating rhyme verses without fixed elevation number so they can from iambic or trochaic exist and vary in length. There is no fixed scheme for the rhyme , often inconsistent verses are interspersed, which is why grouping in stanzas is unnecessary.
The great popularity of the madrigal verse in the 17th and 18th centuries can be explained by the simultaneous popularity of its French equivalent, des vers mêlés , especially in the fables of La Fontaine and the comedies by Molière . It is therefore soon used for German fables, for example in Gellert , Hagedorn and Lessing . Of the latter, the fable Der Tanzbär as an example
A dancing bear was torn from the chain,
came back into the forest,
And danced a masterpiece to his band
on the usual hind feet.
“Look,” he shouted, “this is art; you learn that in the world.
Do it after me, if you like it,
and if you can! ”Go, growls an old bear,
Such an art, it is so heavy,
it is as rare as it is,
shows your low spirit and your slavery.
The madrigal verse was also used in the didactic poems by Albrecht von Haller and Barthold Heinrich Brockes and by Wieland in the Komische Erzählungen and in Oberon :
Goethe used four to six-part iambic madrigal verses in various prominent places in Faust I , which is why the madrigal verse is also referred to as Faust verse . The following example comes from the "student scene":
The spirit of medicine is easy to grasp;
You study the big and small world,
To let it go in the end,
As it pleases God.
In vain that you wander around scientifically,
everyone learns only what he can learn;
But who seizes the moment, that
is the right man.
The madrigal verse was often referred to as a free verse , but this term is used today for the inconsistent, metrically unregulated verse from the 19th century, so it is better to speak of free rhyming verse .
literature
- Philipp August Becker : On the history of the verse libres in New French poetry. Karras, Halle ad Saale 1888.
- Hans Engel: Essence of the Madrigal. In: Gerald Abraham (Ed.): Report on the Seventh International Musicological Congress Cologne 1958. Kassel 1959, pp. 39–52.
- Fritz Schlawe: New German Metrics. (= Metzler Collection. Volume 112). Stuttgart 1972, ISBN 3-476-10112-6 , pp. 63f.
- Karl Vossler: History of the recording of the madrigal in Germany up to Caspar Ziegler. E. Felber, Weimar 1897.
- Gero von Wilpert : Subject dictionary of literature. 8th edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2013, ISBN 978-3-520-84601-3 , p. 283.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Caspar Ziegler: From the Madrigals. Leipzig 1653, digitized Wittenberg 1685 .
- ^ Gotthold Ephraim Lessing: Works. Volume 1. Munich 1970 ff., P. 196 f., Online
- ↑ Goethe: Faust. A tragedy. Cotta, Tübingen 1808, v. 2011-2018 .