Macro history
Macro history examines the history of social systems along developmental paths in search of regularities and developmental patterns.
Demarcation
Macro-history is therefore not descriptive (ideographical), but interested in the disclosure of laws ( nomothetic ). Their aim is to gain historical insights and less to empirically back up their findings, which are necessarily limited.
Macro historian
The following can be considered macro historians in this sense:
- Su-Ma Ch'ien (145–90? BC)
- Augustine (354-430)
- Ibn Chaldūn (1332-1406)
- Giambattista Vico (1668-1744)
- Adam Smith (1723-1790)
- Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770–1831)
- Auguste Comte (1798-1857)
- Karl Marx (1818-1883)
- Herbert Spencer (1820-1903)
- Vilfredo Pareto (1848-1923)
- Max Weber (1864-1920)
- Rudolf Steiner (1861–1925)
- Oswald Spengler (1880-1936)
- Pierre Teilhard de Chardin (1881–1955)
- Pitirim Sorokin (1889–1968)
- Arnold Toynbee (1889-1975)
- Antonio Gramsci (1891-1937)
- Prabhat Rainjan Sarkar (1921–1990)
- Riane Eisler (* 1931)
- Yuval Noah Harari (* 1976)
See also
literature
- Johan Galtung, Sohail Inayatullah, (Ed.): Macrohistory and Macrohistorians. Perspectives on Individual, Social, and Civilizational Change. Praeger Westport, Connectitut London, 1997. ISBN 0-275-95755-1 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Johan Galtung: Macro History and Macrohistorians: A Theoretical Framework. In: Johan Galtung, Sohail Inayatullah, (Ed.): Macrohistory and Macrohistorians. Perspectives on Individual, Social, and Civilizational Change. Praeger Westport, Connectitut London, 1997. ISBN 0-275-95755-1 . P. 1ff.
- ↑ Sohail Inayatullah, (Ed.): Twenty Macrohistorians: A Presentation. In: Johan Galtung, Sohail Inayatullah, (Ed.): Macrohistory and Macrohistorians. Perspectives on Individual, Social, and Civilizational Change. Praeger Westport, Connectitut London, 1997. ISBN 0-275-95755-1 . P. 11ff.