Malinke
The Malinke (also called Malinké or Maninka ) are an African people who populate large regions from Senegal via Mali and Guinea to the Ivory Coast and Burkina Faso .
history
Origin of the Mali Empire
According to oral tradition, they are descendants of the around 2760 BC. Wangara immigrated there . They were the main people of the former African-Islamic empire Mali on the upper Niger, which existed between the 12th and 17th centuries. It was Islamized by the Arabs in the north in the 13th century and reached its heyday in the 15th century.
The Malinke became particularly popular in Europe through the blossoming of their great kingdom Mali v. a. in the 13th-15th Century known, whose wealth and splendor was legendary and was passed on by Arab travelers. In 1324, the then King of Mali, Mansa Musa , traveled from Mali to Mecca and stopped in Cairo. He gave away so much gold that, according to sources at the time, the price of gold fell by half over a period of 12 years. The kingdom of Mali, with an area of around 1 million km², had numerous ministries with far-reaching development plans. Mansa Mussa had his agriculture ministers carry out experiments for improved rice varieties on trial fields. He brought North African architects into the country to improve the local architecture, from which the so-called "Sudanese architecture" emerged as a mixed culture (e.g. evident from the mosque of Djenné in Mali, the largest clay building in the world, or the Friday mosque of Timbuktu ).
present
Today's Malinke live primarily from agriculture. Millet is mainly grown, but cattle are also farmed on a small scale , but mainly for trade and for reasons of prestige. The Malinke houses are the typical round houses of the region, thatched and grouped in small villages with a palisade fence.
Culture
language
Their language, Maninka , called Malinke , Maninka , Manenka etc. in different variants , is one of the main variants of Mandenkan (next to Bambara ) and thus belongs to the group of Mande languages . It is written in its own N'Ko script.
music
The Malinke are famous worldwide for their music, which makes use of different drums and is very rhythmic. The Djembé in particular is a central component of Malinke music, but also the bass drums Dununba (Doundounba), Sangban and Kenkeni (Kensedeni). As a rule, three bass drums are played together with three djembes, with the bass drums playing a 12/8 or 16/8 time . The drums are accompanied by a balafon , flutes and rattles , and there is often singing (from a soloist and two accompanying voices) and dance.
Famoudou Konaté is an internationally known Malinke musician .
religion
The majority of the Malinke have been Muslims since the 12th century .
Web links
- The Malinké (maninka)
- Report on the Malinke. Archived from the original on August 3, 2010 ; Retrieved January 25, 2014 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Britannica: Malinke
- ↑ Beat Floor: The Roots - Rhythms of the Malinké ( Memento of the original from November 20, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
