Manifeste du Surréalisme

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André Breton (around 1924)

The Manifeste du Surréalisme ( Manifesto of Surrealism ) is a manifesto by André Breton published in 1924 in Paris , with a foreword added as a reprint . In 1930 the Second Manifeste du Surréalisme ( Second Manifesto of Surrealism ) appeared, reprinted in 1946. From 1962 they were published together with other texts under the title Les Manifestes du Surréalisme . Breton's manifestos are the intellectual foundations of surrealism .

background

Starting from the Dadaist movement in Paris, surrealism was a revolutionary movement that stood up against the unbelievable values ​​of the bourgeoisie . In contrast to satirical Dadaism, a new view of things was propagated in surrealism, influenced by symbolism , expressionism , futurism , the writings of Lautréamont , Arthur Rimbaud , Alfred Jarry and the theories of Sigmund Freud .

André Breton was closely linked to the emergence of the surrealist movement in France. One of Breton's fundamental thoughts, shared by his followers, was the view that there is no objectively given external reality. Breton published his first Manifeste du Surréalisme in Paris in 1924 and subsequently dominated the movement. The manifesto remained authoritative for the duration of the movement; only minor changes were made in the so-called “Second Surrealist Manifesto” of 1930.

description

In 1924 he wrote the Manifesto of Surrealism , in which he defined surrealism as a “pure psychic automatism”: “I believe in the future resolution of these apparently so contradicting states of dream and reality in a kind of absolute reality, if you can say: surreality . After conquering it, I strive, certainly not to reach it, but too unconcerned about my death not to at least weigh the joys of such possession. "

- André Breton: First Surrealism Manifesto (1924)

In 1930 Breton tried to redefine surrealism as a social revolutionary movement in the Second Manifesto of Surrealism : “Marx says change the world. Rimbaud says, change life. ”- Surrealism is the synthesis of these two ideas, he committed himself to the“ social and psychological revolution ”.

- André Breton: Second Surrealism Manifesto (1930)

literature

  • Manifeste du Surréalisme . Éditions du Sagittaire, Paris 1924
  • Second Manifeste du Surréalisme . Editions Kra, Paris 1930
    • The manifestos of surrealism . German by Ruth Henry. 27. Th. Rowohlt, Reinbek bei Hamburg 1993, ISBN 3-499-55434-8

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Stephen C. Foster: Form Finding and Freedom. In: Man Ray . Edition Stemmle, Zurich, 1989, ISBN 3-7231-0388-X , p. 237 f.