Manipel (liturgical clothing)
The handpiece (from Latin Manipulus from manus "hand", "towel") or Sudarium (. From the Latin sudor "sweat", " napkin , handkerchief") is a liturgical garment piece , that of the clergy in the celebration of Holy Mass created has been. The maniple was worn from the degree of ordination of the subdeacon ; for the subdeacon the maniple was the insignia which the bishop put on him in a separate rite after the subdeacon ordination.
Since in the course of the reforms after the Second Vatican Council it was no longer compulsory to wear the maniple, it was largely out of use in the Roman Catholic Church. It has been preserved in parishes and communities that celebrate the liturgy in the extraordinary form of the Roman rite .
Occasionally the maniple is also used by Lutheran pastors, for example in the Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod .
Shape, way of carrying and use
The maniple is strip-shaped, between 5 and 10 cm wide, and is worn on the left forearm so that the ends hang down the same length. It can get wider at the ends; this was common in Italy, where manifolds were also wider overall. Small crosses are embroidered in the middle and at the ends. To make it easier to carry, the two halves of the manipula are stapled in the middle or sewn together so that the arm can slip through. The maniple has the same liturgical color as the chasuble.
The maniple is only worn with chasuble , dalmatic and tunicella , never with the cope . It is put on by the priest in front of the stole, the deacon may help him . In the pontifical office the deacon puts on the bishop the maniple after the confiteor .
The manipula is used to cover the left hand when handing over liturgical implements (chalice, host bowl, empty monstrance ) and liturgical books.
history
Originally, the maniple was a kind of sweat , hand or mouth towel . Later it became a label cloth, with which the Roman Emperor dropped the sign for the beginning of the circus games. Whether it was also adopted by the clergy of the early church as a label cloth, i.e. as a sign of fine customs, or whether it served them as an insignia from the beginning , has not been conclusively clarified.
From the 11th century at the latest, however, the Manipel was finally a badge of rank for the higher degrees of ordination from the subdiaconate . Sub-deacons were invested in their ordination with the maniples . At that time, however, it had already lost its original meaning and had become a mere decorative strip. It was - since it emerged from a handkerchief - also as a symbol of the effort, work and sweat in the priestly office.
After the liturgical clothing had been simplified by resolutions of the Second Vatican Council , the maniples fell out of use. Accordingly, when celebrating the ordinary form of the Roman rite, it is rare for a priest to wear the maniples; however, it is not abolished. When holy mass is celebrated in the extraordinary form of the Roman rite , the use of the manipulator is common.
literature
- Joseph Braun : The Liturgical Paraments in the Present and Past. Reprographic reprint of the second, improved edition, publisher nova & vetera, Bonn 2005, ISBN 3-936741-07-7 , pp. 127-134 (1st edition: 1911, 2nd edition: 1924).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Joseph Braun: The Liturgical Paraments in the present and past. Reprographic reprint, Bonn 2005, p. 128.