Tridentine Mass

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Tridentine Mass, Diocese Speyer (2009)

The Tridentine Mass is in non-technical terms the celebration of the Holy Mass in the Roman Rite according to the Missal from 1570 or one of the subsequent editions up to and including the Editio typica from 1962. Within the Roman Catholic Church, only the last version ("1962 Rite") is used for such "Tridentine" mass celebrations, which the liturgical reforms by Popes Pius XII. and John XXIII. includes the liturgical changes under Pope Paul VI. but does not take part. The term "Tridentine" is derived from the Council in Trento , the Concilium Tridentinum , in the 16th century ( Tridentine rite ). The liturgy of 1962 applies with few changes by Pope Benedict XVI. since 2007 as Usus extraordinarius Ritus Romani , as an "extraordinary form" of celebrating the Roman Rite .

history

Until Pope Pius XII.

High altar prepared for the celebration of a “Tridentine Mass”

In the wake of and on behalf of the Council of Trent, under Pope Pius V, the Roman Missal was published as a binding missal for those dioceses and orders with Roman rites that could not be proven to have had their own old traditions. The post-Tridentine Missal Romanum appeared for the first time in 1570 in three not entirely text-identical prints. Instead of the “Missale Romanum”, the liturgical books of those orders of worship that were older than 200 years at the time, namely certain liturgies of dioceses and orders, could still be used and printed . In Germany, for example, this applied to the dioceses of Trier and Cologne and the Dominicans . Such a special right did not apply to users of the Roman Missal Books, in Rome and elsewhere, and was definitely lost as soon as the "Missale Romanum" was introduced in an area previously excluded from the validity. Translations from Latin, also for worship use, were permitted. The Old Slavonic rite , a variant of the Roman rite, remained in force. The celebration in Armenian, which has been customary since the 14th century, was approved again in 1715. In 1624, Pope Urban VIII permitted mass for Iran to be celebrated according to Roman custom in Arabic translation, and the Propaganda Congregation in 1895 for Abyssinian Catholics in Ethiopian.

According to Pope Pius V's bull Quo primum tempore of July 14, 1570, the oldest manuscripts and missals available at the time were used in the editing of the new "Missale Romanum" to create a version " according to the norm of the fathers ", i.e. the church fathers and theologians of the pre-Reformation period. Work began in Trento in 1563 and continued in Rome from 1564. The task was given to "selected scholars". Her liturgical history knowledge was poor. The writings of the Pseudo-Dionysius Areopagita (around 500) z. B. were considered genuine, the worship services described therein as testimony to apostolic times. In terms of content, the Missale Romanum published by Pope Pius V is an editorially significantly improved new version of the Missale curiae ; this was the missal of the papal palace chapel compiled around 1220, the first printing of which dates from 1474; the Rubricae generales and the rite servandus were still missing . In 1570 a number of texts were deleted , including some prefaces , which could justifiably be offended. The provisions on the Missa Sicca have been completely eliminated . Innovations were in particular the great elevation of the host and chalice as well as the final gospel. The missal of 1570 knows two normative descriptions of the course of the celebration:

  1. The " Ordo missae " was a younger Roman version of the so-called Rhenish type (Incipit "Sacerdos paratus") from the 11th century.
  2. The " Ritus servandus in celebratione missae " went back to the papal master of ceremonies Johannes Burckard from Strasbourg (1450–1506) and was published by him in 1502 in the second edition.

The east facing of the building or a certain direction of celebration , versus populum or versus apsidem , was not prescribed.

One aim of the standardization and the binding definition of the liturgy was to eliminate abuses by Catholics, to prevent future abuses and to keep Protestant influences away. The so-called Tridentine rite saw itself as the answer of the Catholic reform to the Evangelical Reformation. Martin Luther emphasized the priesthood of all believers ; the Catholic Church gave the worship service in a special way to the priest, greatly reducing the participation of lay Christians.

The “Missale Romanum” was continuously revised several times under the subsequent popes and adapted to the requirements of the respective time, for example new feasts were added to the liturgical calendar of the church year and corresponding measurement forms were created for the first time. In addition, not only were changes made to the version of Pius V unauthorized by various publishers removed, but these were also improved with the help of other liturgical and church-historical sources (cf. the bull Cum sanctissimum of Pope Clement VIII of 1604). The constant texts of the Holy Mass ( Ordinarium Missae ) remained largely unchanged until 1960/65. The changes that have taken place mainly relate on the one hand to the rubrics (also in the Ordo Missae ), and on the other hand to the Proprium Missae , that is, to the changeable, especially the biblical, texts of the Mass. The “Missale Romanum” only achieved long-term stability with Pope Urban VIII (1634). In the period that followed, numerous new festivals were added, and in the 20th century, before the Second Vatican Council, new prefaces were added.

Revised editions of the so-called "Tridentine" Missale Romanum were published for example in 1604, 1634, 1888 (by Leo XIII. , Printed in Regensburg ), 1920 ("a Pio X. reformatum"), 1955 and 1962. The innovations in the Reformed Missal Pope Pius X , which was printed from 1917 and completed and approved in 1920, were so numerous that a book of its own was published.

Under Pope Pius XII. and Pope John XXIII.

A profound change to the "Missale Romanum" before the liturgical reform of the Second Vatican Council is the one under Pope Pius XII. Realized reorganization of the liturgy of Easter Vigil and Holy Week . Their model was the classical Roman liturgy , not the curial liturgy of the late Middle Ages. The by Pius XII. The renewed order became the sole regulation, the previously common "Tridentine" form no longer allowed (decree of the Congregation for Rites of November 20, 1955: ad omnibus ... in posterum unice adhibendam ). The celebration regulations of the previous "Missale Romanum" were altogether in 1960 by the under Pius XII. elaborated Codex Rubricarum and accordingly revised in the Editio typica from 1962, which is intended as an interim edition ("Missale Pianum saec. XX"). With his Motu proprio Rubricarum instructum , Pope John XXIII wrote. the use of the newly designed "Missale Romanum" up to the general liturgical reform announced by him in the same document by the forthcoming Second Vatican Council and put the earlier Rubricae generales des Missale Romanum with effect from January 1, 1961 out of force. At the same time, John XXIII revoked. expressly any conflicting privileges, indulges and customs etiam saecularia et immemorabilia (i.e., even if they have existed for centuries or time immemorial). He also made a change in the canon by in the autumn of 1962 St. Joseph, the patron saint of the Catholic Church , added to the mass canon. This 1962 form of Mass was celebrated during the Second Vatican Council and was in mind of the Council Fathers when they decided to reform the Catholic liturgy.

Liturgical reform

The renewal (“instauratio”) of the liturgy ordered by the Second Vatican Council, including the Ordo Missae and the “Missale Romanum”, took place in several steps between 1964 and 1970, analogous to the 1951 to 1957 under Pope Pius XII. carried out reorganization of the liturgy of Easter Vigil and Holy Week. During the Second Vatican Council, on January 27, 1965, a new version of the entire celebration regulations was published, with the simultaneous announcement of a general revision of the "Missale Romanum", which included the corresponding parts of the missal John XXIII. from 1962 legally replaced:

  • Ordo Missae. Rite servandus in celebratione Missae. De defectibus in celebratione Missae occurentibus. Editio typica . Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis 1965.

The liturgy of 1962, today's usus extraordinarius , is consequently not the form of the liturgy that was customary until 1970, but the one that was customary before the liturgy constitution " Sacrosanctum Concilium " and before the binding reorganization of the celebration of Mass in 1965.

Pope Paul VI consistently carried out the resolutions of the 2nd Vatican Council and on Maundy Thursday, April 3, 1969, ordered the publication of the revised ordinance (Ordo Missae, community mass ) with a new edition of the "Missale Romanum" (published 1970). In the Apostolic Constitution "Missale Romanum" Paul VI declared:

"Our orders and regulations should be valid and legally binding now and in the future, with the repeal of any conflicting constitutions and ordinances of our predecessors as well as all other instructions of whatever kind."

This replaced the previous version of the measurement regulations from 1965 by today's standard form. As a result, the Pope and almost all bishops no longer allowed the use of the “old” Mass order for church services with congregations (cum populo) , but only as an exception for private masses . Bishop Antônio de Castro Mayer (1904–1991, excommunicated in 1988) did not introduce the renewed liturgical books of the Roman Catholic Church in his diocese of Campos in Brazil. In addition, it was rejected by the retired Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre (excommunicated in 1988) for the Society of St. Pius X , founded by him . The former Bishop Salvador Lazo y Lazo refused to use the Missal Pope Paul VI for himself since 1998. from. The renewed form of the Roman rite brought about a simplification of the process and, above all, encouraged the active participation of the laity in the worship service. Already in 1965 the permission to hold mass in the respective vernacular was introduced , which from 1970 onwards became common, but not the only, practice in church services. In addition, the "Missale Romanum" offered several forms to choose from for a number of texts in the Ordinarium , including the prayer .

The liturgical reform of Pope Paul VI, which was carried out in the implementation of the provisions of Sacrosanctum Concilium , was seen by supporters and opponents as a turning point, as it brought with it a renewed order of measurement based on the model of the classical Roman liturgy .

1980s

Since there were still some priests and believers who preferred the earlier way of celebrating mass, the so-called Tridentine rite , Pope John Paul II , according to a survey by the Congregation for Divine Worship , granted the diocesan bishops , these priests and believers permission for pastoral reasons in 1981 to celebrate so-called indult masses according to the Roman Missal from 1962. The letter Quattuor abhinc annos of the Congregation for Divine Worship of October 3, 1981 allows the diocesan bishops such approval under the following conditions: Priests and believers who seek such approval had to make it publicly and unequivocally clear that they were the legitimacy and accuracy of the doctrine of the Pope Paul VI do not question the promulgated Roman missal; According to the older custom, masses were only allowed to be offered to groups who requested them and were only allowed to take place in churches and chapels and at times that the bishop considered appropriate. These masses had to take place according to the 1962 missal and in Latin. Texts and rites from different missal editions were not allowed to be mixed up, not even for the biblical readings. The bishop had to inform the Congregation of the concessions he had made to such priests and believers.

After Marcel Lefebvre's excommunication for unauthorized episcopal ordinations , Pope John Paul II published the Motu Proprio Ecclesia Dei Adflicta on July 2, 1988 , in which he urged all Catholics who had hitherto been in any way connected with the movement of Archbishop Lefebvre to do so no further support. He offered "to all those Catholic believers who feel bound by some earlier forms of liturgy and discipline of the Latin tradition" to make ecclesiastical communion easy for them, through the measures necessary to ensure that their wishes are taken into account. “In order to achieve this pastoral goal , the guidelines for the use of the Roman Missal of 1962 , published in the Quattuor abhinc annos , should be “ widely and generously applied ”.

On October 18, 1988, the Ecclesia Dei Pontifical Commission , which was set up afterwards, issued a decree to the members of the Brotherhood of St. Peter , which had split off from the Lefebvre movement in 1988, and to the guests of their houses and church buildings, to use those liturgical books that were in force in 1962. Such a permit was later given to other groups.

The permission given to celebrate the liturgy of 1962 was justified solely on the grounds of pastoral care and therefore did not include any distancing from the liturgical reform of the Second Vatican Council and no criticism of its implementation by Pope Paul VI. in the form of the liturgical books published by him, here the "Missale Romanum" from 1970.

Usus extraordinary of the Roman rite

Reprint of the Missale Romanum from 1962

Pope Benedict XVI published on July 7, 2007 the Motu proprio Summorum Pontificum , in which he allows, among other things, the celebration of mass according to the Missale Romanum of 1962 (without the new version of the ordinance of 1965) as an extraordinary form of the celebration of mass in the Roman rite within certain limits. The motu proprio came into force on the feast of the Exaltation of the Cross in 2007 and replaces the regulations of Quattuor abhinc annos and Ecclesia Dei . The Roman Curia calls this form of Mass celebration the Usus extraordinarius Ritus Romani , that is, an extraordinary custom within the Roman rite.

In an accompanying letter, Pope Benedict XVI. clear, “that of course that of Pope Paul VI. published and then reissued in two further editions by John Paul II. The ordinary form - the forma ordinaria - of the liturgy of the Holy Eucharist is and remains. ”The most recent version of the Roman Missal, which preceded the Council and was published under the authority of Pope John XXIII. In contrast, it was promulgated in 1962 could be used as a forma extraordinaria of the liturgical celebration. He also stated that it was inappropriate to refer to these versions of the Roman Missal as "two rites". Rather, it is a special custom (“use, application, handling”) within the Roman rite.

In detail, the "1962 rite" is now generally permitted as a Usus extraordinarius :

  • Catholic priests - except from Maundy Thursday to Easter Sunday - for the private mass ( missa sine populo ), which spontaneous believers are also allowed to celebrate,
  • for religious orders at their request in the convent mass in their own church buildings,
  • for parishes for secondary services if there is a stable gathering of followers of the "1962 Rite", and
  • for special occasions such as bridal masses and church funerals , pilgrimage or other masses.

At the discretion of the responsible pastor or church rector, the forms of the older ritual can also be used for pastoral reasons in the celebration of baptism , marriage , the sacrament of penance and the anointing of the sick . The same applies to Confirmation at the Bishop's discretion . The use of the older breviary for the Liturgy of the Hours is generally permitted . A condition for the use of the "1962 rite" is that the celebrating priest is sufficiently familiar with the Latin language and the rites of the liturgy of 1962 and that the celebration with the liturgical books of the ordinary form ( forma ordinaria ) of the Roman rite is for himself does not fundamentally exclude.

Within the framework of these provisions, stable groups of the faithful can request the bishop to celebrate the liturgy in the older form. If the bishop cannot fulfill her wish, he must refer the matter to the competent Curia authority , the Pontifical Commission “ Ecclesia Dei ”. This receives extensive powers to organize this “special custom of the Roman rite”. With the dissolution of the previous "Ecclesia Dei" commission, Pope Francis assigned its powers to the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith in January 2019 .

Corresponding personal parishes can be established by the bishop, for example in 2006 in Bordeaux with the Institut du Bon Pasteur and in 2008 in the historic church of Santissima Trinità dei Pellegrini in Rome.

The high esteem of the active and conscious participation of the Christian faithful in the church service should not be diminished even after Summorum Pontificum . A specific design of the altars, the liturgical vessels and vestments is not prescribed by the document, the celebration at a free-standing altar, also versus populum , is still not excluded. The readings at the community fair ( missa cum populo ) may also be given in the vernacular. In the future, new saints and some of the new prefations may also be added to the 1962 missal . The formulation of the Good Friday Prayer for the Jews contained in the Missal of 1962 was adopted by Pope Benedict XVI. replaced by a new formulation prescribed from 2008 (only for the special form). The "Liturgy of 1962" is also supposed to undergo a liturgical reform, but in a different way than that which Pope Paul VI had for the ordinary form. and John Paul II. This also proves the nature of the change in the intercession of the Jews: the pre-conciliar text is abolished, but not the one introduced by Paul VI. 1970 introduced (in Latin) version of the normal form adopted, but created a new special form.

Cardinal Franc Rodé with Winter- Cappa-Magna 2010 with the Franciscans of the Immaculate .

The Pope Paul VI. The simplification of the pontificals decreed in 1968 with the Motu proprio Pontificalia insignia is ignored in the special form. In a letter dated May 19, 2011, the responsible Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei informed that female altar servers could not be used in the extraordinary form. The commission relies on number 28 of its Instruction Universae Ecclesiae .

In the Catholic Church there are about 30 religious or order-like communities which, according to the older regulations, had the indult to celebrate Holy Mass in the older form. These include the St. Petrus Society of Priests located in Wigratzbad and the Institute of Christ the King and High Priest . In the German Trappist Abbey of Mariawald in Heimbach (Eifel) , the liturgy was introduced in an extraordinary form in 2008 at the instigation of Abbot Josef Vollberg ; However, this led to a split in the convent , since the majority of the monks adhered to the celebration of the ordinary form of the Roman rite and thus two forms of liturgy existed side by side. The abbey was closed on September 15, 2018 after the number of monks dropped below 10.

As early as 1996 the then Cardinal Ratzinger said in an interview with the journalist Peter Seewald : “Anyone who campaigns for the continuation of the old liturgy or takes part in it today is treated like a leper: this is where all tolerance ends. There has never been anything like this in all of history, one ostracizes the entire past of the Church. ”In return, Pope Benedict XVI demanded. in the accompanying letter to “Summorum Pontificum” by followers of the “old liturgy” the “recognition of the value and sanctity of the rite in its renewed form”.

A final step towards fulfilling the Benedict XVI. According to the Vatican, the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith , which has been responsible since 2019, implemented two decrees dated February 22, 2020 and published on March 25, 2020: Quo magis , through the seven missing in the Missal of 1962 so far, after the announced addition of new holy feasts and some prefations Prefations are approved, and Cum sanctissima , which enables the commemoration of the saints canonized after 1960 to be celebrated liturgically, if so desired. The classification of these festivals in the liturgical hierarchy was also determined. The four prefaces de Angelis (from the Holy Angels), de Sancto Ioanne Baptista (from St. John the Baptist ), de Martyribus (from the Holy Martyrs ) and de Nuptiis (at the ceremony of the wedding ) have been partially modified Taken over from the missal of the forma ordinaria , three additional ones - de Dedicatione ecclesiæ (for church consecration), de Omnibus Sanctis et Sanctis Patronis (of all saints and the holy patrons) and de Sanctissimo Sacramento (of the Most Holy Sacrament ) - were previously only in regions in Belgium and France limited. The work on the liturgical books by the former Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei has thus come to an end.

Today in Germany the Usus extraordinarius , popularly called the “old rite”, is celebrated weekly or monthly in around 150 Roman Catholic churches and chapels, and in the USA in 475 of around 17,000 parishes.

Structure of the "Tridentine Mass"

Structure of the Tridentine mass with altar positions and meaning
  • Preparatory Prayer
Asperges (The Asperges, or rather the Vidi aquam during Easter , is only sung on Sundays and is not part of Holy Mass, which is why the priest does not wear the chasuble, but the cope with the alb and stole.)
Gradual prayer (It is spoken in front of the altar steps and before the priest solemnly steps up to the altar. Before this, if Asperges or Vidi aquam took place, he places the cope and then puts on chasuble and manipula )
Psalm (Judica)
Confession of guilt with request for forgiveness ( Confiteor )

Pre-fair

  • Prayer service
Introitus
Kyrie
Gloria
Oratio
  • Teaching service
Epistola or Lectio (reading)
Intermediate chants ( graduals , hallelujah song , tract , sequence )
Gospel
Sermon or homily : At this point the holy mass is interrupted because the sermon is based on the Missale Romanum Pius V - in contrast to the Missale Romanum Paul VI. - is not part of the fair. This is made clear by the removal of chasuble and manipula, which the priest takes before he sermons , usually from the pulpit , dressed only in alb and stole . A homily is not necessary on holiday days ("working days").
Creed (creed)

Sacrificial mass

  • Sacrifice preparation
    Offering the chalice
Offertory
Offering the bread
Sacrifice of the chalice
Self-sacrifice
Invocation of the Holy Spirit
Lavabo (hand washing)
Sacrificial prayer to the most holy trinity
Orate, fratres (Pray brothers)
Secreta (silent prayer)
  • Act of sacrifice
Præfatio
Sanctus Benedictus
Canon missae
Recommendation of offerings and memory of the Church
Memory of the living
Memory of the saints
Request for acceptance of the offerings
Request to change the offerings
Elevation of the bread
Elevation of the Wine
Remembrance of Christ's work of redemption
Request for acceptance of the victim
Ask for our union with the sacrifice of Christ
Memory of the dead
Ask for fellowship with the saints
Solemn praise to God
"Amen" of the church
  • Sacrificial meal
Pater noster (Our Father; conclusion of the canon )
Embolism (continuation of the last petition of the Lord's Prayer)
Breaking bread and mixing the holy figures (a small particle of the host is added to the transformed wine)
Agnus Dei
Prayers for peace
Last requests before receiving communion (see: Communion prayer )
Communion of the priest
Communion of believers
Communion
Postcommunio
  • Discharge
Announcement of dismissal
Request for acceptance of the victim
blessing
Final Gospel (from the Gospel of John . Usually the beginning of the Gospel of John is used: "In the beginning was the word ...")

Types of "Tridentine Mass"

There were different types of Tridentine Mass, which differ particularly in terms of the external celebration or the obligation by virtue of which they must be celebrated, especially according to the degree of solemnity:

The Missa pontificalis or pontifical office is a Missa solemnis written by a bishop or a priest enjoying the full privilege of pontificals , e. B. an abbot , is celebrated. The main celebrant is always assisted by a deacon and a sub-deacon , and if necessary, an assistant presbyter is at his side. A choir will sing the collective chants of the Mass. The main celebrant speaks the texts sung aloud by the deacon, sub-deacon or choir, including the biblical readings, in Latin beforehand or at the same time.

The second form is the Missa solemnis , also called high mass . This is a simplified form of the pontifical office for priests without pontificals, with singing of the priest and the choir, assistance of the deacon and subdeacon (hence also called Levite office or levitated high mass), with the use of incense and other external ceremonies. The texts sung aloud by the deacon, subdeacon or choir are also spoken softly by the main celebrant. Since 1955, a Missa cum diacono ( i.e. without a subdeacon) has been permitted in the masses of the holy week , which previously only existed in some religious liturgies , e.g. B. the Carthusian rite occurred.

Thirdly, there is the Missa cantata (the “Amt”, popularly also “Hochamt”) with singing by the priest and the choir, without the support of the deacon and subdeacon, as well as without incense (incense is local, e.g. in the German-speaking area, permissible based on longstanding habit). In the 20th century, Latin answers and simple pieces of Gregorian chant became common for the church. The priest at the altar softly speaks the texts sung aloud by the choir or congregation. A Missa cantata with German-language chants by the congregation was called the “German High Mass” ; however, these mostly paraphrased the texts of the Ordinarium and Proprium without any literal, at best with associative reference.

Fourth, there is the Missa lecta , previously called Missa privata (“silent mass”): the priest reads the mass texts without singing, usually “quietly” (= quietly), celebrated without a deacon and sub-deacon, but with at least one acolyte . In the monasteries the Missa lecta was common for mass celebrations in addition to the convent office, in the parishes it was the prescribed basic form (“ rite servandus ”) and the usual form of mass celebrations on weekdays and Sundays with the exception of the Missa parochialis until the liturgical reform . When - mostly on Sundays and festivals - the congregation sang German mass songs, it was called the “German Singing Mass”. The mass songs usually also covered essential parts of the liturgy spoken in Latin by the priest, such as the orations, the epistle, the prefecture and the pater noster; only during the change was there silence.

Fifthly, there is the Missa dialogata (“ dialogized mass”, also called “ choral mass”): a special form of the missa lecta that emerged in the liturgical movement of the 20th century in order to make it a communal mass : everything that the choir sings in high mass and the Altar servers respond, is spoken or sung together by the participants in the Missa dialogata. The priest speaks a limited number of mass texts aloud in Latin. There is no deacon or sub-deacon involved, as a rule two acolytes serve at the altar. Often a so-called prayer leader recites the orations ( daily , gift and closing prayer ) and the scriptures (epistle, gospel) aloud in the national language, while the priest at the altar recites them in Latin at the same time. The uniform German text basis for the parts of the holy mass to be spoken together was drawn up in 1928 by a working group that met on the private initiative of the Cologne pastor Joseph Könn in his rectory at St. Aposteln .

According to the nature of the commitment or the occasion of their celebration, there are:

  • the Missa defunctorum (funeral mass, requiem mass): votive mass for the deceased (celebrated as Missa pontificalis, solemnis, cantata or privata ).
  • the Missa conventualis : Convent office of a monastic or spiritual community with an obligation to solemn choral prayer (usually a Missa solemnis )
  • the Missa capitularis (chapter office)
  • the Missa parochialis : a Missa cantata that the pastor must celebrate for his congregation on Sundays and public holidays.

Overview of the reading order according to the church year

Decisive for the "Tridentine" reading order was the Roman missal, in which the individual pericopes, divided into the Proprium de Tempore, the Sundays and feasts that depend on Easter , and the Proprium / Commune Sanctorum, the immovable saints, were listed. There were no years of reading , so the scriptural texts of the day did not change from year to year, but the same pericopes were read every year.

The Sundays and the feasts had either a lectio (reading outside of the Apostles 'letters) or an epistle (reading from the Apostles' letters) and the Gospel (i.e. two pericopes, with the exception of Good Friday). On weekdays without own texts, the texts of the previous Sunday were read.

Sunday / festival Introitus Lectio / Epistle Gospel
1st Sunday of Advent Ps 24.1–3  EU Romans 13 : 11-14  EU Luke 21.25-33  EU
2nd Sunday of Advent Isa 30.30  EU Rom 15 : 4-13  EU Mt 11.2–10  EU
3rd Sunday of Advent Phil 4,4-6  EU Phil 4,4-7  EU Jn 1.19-28  EU
Quarter Wednesday in Advent Isa 45.8  EU Isa 2,2–5  EU  
Isa 7,10–15  EU 		Lk 1.26-38  EU
Quatember Friday in Advent Ps 118,151-152 EU Isa 11 : 1-5  EU Lk 1.39-47  EU
Quarter Saturday in Advent Ps 79,4.2 EU Isa 19.20–22  EU
( Isa 35.1–7  EU )
( Isa 40.9–11  EU )
( Isa 45.1–8  EU )
( Dan 3.47–51  EU )
2 Thess 2.1–8  EU 		Lk 3,1-6  EU
4th Sunday in Advent Isa 45.8  EU 1 Cor 4,1-5  EU Lk 3,1-6  EU
Vigil of Christmas (December 24th) Ex 16.6-7  EU Rom 1 : 1-6  EU Mt 1.18-21  EU
Christmas (December 25th) - First Mass Ps 2,7  EU Tit 2.11-15  EU Lk 2,1-14  EU
Christmas (December 25th) - Second Mass Isa 9,2.6  EU Tit 3,4-7  EU Luke 2.15-20  EU
Christmas (December 25th) - Third Mass Isa 9,6  EU Heb 1: 1–12  EU Joh 1,1-14  EU
Sunday in the Christmas octave Weish 18.14-15  EU Gal 4.1-7  EU Lk 2,33-40  EU
Days of the week in the Christmas octave Isa 9,6  EU Tit 3,4-7  EU Luke 2.15-20  EU
St. Stephen, Arch-Martyr (26.12.) Ps 118,23,86,23 EU Acts 6: 8-10  EU ; 7.54-59 EU Mt 23,34-39  EU
St. John, Apostle, Evangelist (27.12.) Sir 15.5  EU Sir 15.1-6  EU Jn 21 : 19-24  EU
Hll. Innocent children, martyrs (28.12.) Ps 8,3  EU Rev 14 : 1-5  EU Mt 2,13-18  EU
Octave day of Christmas (01.01.) Isa 9,6  EU Tit 3,4-7  EU Lk 2.21  EU

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Iuris Pontificii de Propaganda Fide 2 (Roma 1909) 18.
  2. ↑ Vatican Radio : Vatican: What is the “old mass”? January 10, 2007.
  3. ^ Clement VIII: Cum Sanctissimum . July 7, 1604, reference under "On the Revision of the Roman Missal" at www.catholicliturgy.com, accessed October 9, 2017 (English).
  4. ^ Urban VIII .: Si Quid Est . September 2, 1634, reference under "On the Revision of the Roman Missal" at www.catholicliturgy.com, accessed on October 9, 2017 (English).
  5. ↑ The innovations in the Missal. Compiled and explained by Franz Brehm. Pustet publishing house, Regensburg 1920.
  6. ^ Latin text on the net [1] .
  7. ↑ Congregation for Divine Worship: "Quattuor abhinc annos", October 3, 1981 (English)
  8. ^ Text of the motu proprio "Ecclesia Dei"
  9. ↑ Latin and German text of the Motu Proprio Summorum Pontificum (PDF file; 120 kB)
  10. ↑ Art. 2
  11. ↑ Art. 4
  12. ↑ Art. 3
  13. ↑ Art. 5
  14. ↑ Art. 9 § 1
  15. ↑ Art. 9 § 2
  16. ↑ Art. 9 § 3
  17. ↑ a b c Letter from Pope Benedict XVI. to the bishops on the occasion of the Motu proprio Summorum Pontificum
  18. ↑ Art. 10
  19. ↑ Art. 6
  20. ↑ Vatican: Intercession "For the Jews" ; Reported to Vatican Radio on February 5, 2008.
  21. ^ Instructions on the execution of the Apostolic Letter Summorum Pontificum from Pope Benedict XVI, issued as Motu proprio. ; vatican.va, April 30, 2011; Universae Ecclesiae No. 28: “The Motu proprio Summorum Pontificum is also a special law and therefore derogates for its own area from those laws issued after 1962 that refer to the sacred rites and are incompatible with the rubrics of the liturgical books that Were in force in 1962. "
  22. ↑ Trappist Abbey returns to the Old Liturgy . kath.net , November 26, 2008 with press release of the abbey, accessed on June 6, 2017.
    kloster-mariawald.de: Excerpts from a letter from Father Abbot Bernardus Peeters, Koningshoeven, to the members of the Association of Friends and Patrons of Mariawald Abbey from December 12, 2016 ( memento from January 30, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
    kloster-mariawald.de: Information on the situation of Mariawald. ( Memento from December 20, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (June 2018)
  23. ↑ Peter Seewald: The grown rite refers to the divine founder ; The Daily Mail , February 12, 2003
  24. ↑ Vatican approves new prayers and holy feasts for "old mass". vaticannews, March 25, 2020, accessed on March 27, 2020.
  25. ↑ kathisch.de : Vatican issues new regulations for the "Old Mass" , March 26, 2020.
  26. ↑ Nota di presentazione della Congregazione per la Dottrina della Fede del Decreto Quo magis recante approvazione di sette nuovi prefazi eucaristici per la forma extraordinaria del Rito Romano, March 25, 2020 Comments on the presentation of the Decree Quo magis of March 25, 2020, last accessed on March 27, 2020 March 2020
  27. ^ Hans Bernhard Meyer : Eucharist: history, theology, pastoral. Pustet, Regensburg 1989, ISBN 3-7917-1200-4 (Church service. Handbook of liturgical science, part 4), pp. 214f.
  28. ^ Josef Andreas Jungmann : Missarum Sollemnia. A Genetic Explanation of the Roman Mass , Volume One , 5th Edition. Herder, Vienna / Freiburg / Basel 1962, pp. 205ff.
  29. ↑ Philipp Harnoncourt: Whole-Church and Part-Church Liturgy. Studies on the liturgical calendar of saints and on singing in church services with special consideration of the German-speaking area. Herder Verlag, Freiburg / Basel / Vienna 1974, ISBN 3-451-16742-5 , p. 391f .; Joseph Klein: Build a church today. On the history of the Catholic parish Seckmauern / Odenwald. Lützelbach 1998, p. 393.
  30. ↑ a b c d When specifying psalms, it should be noted that the Vulgate count, to which the Roman Church refers to this day for all Latin liturgical books, is partly based on the numbering of the Hebrew psalter - and thus also on the evangelical translations as well the standard translation - deviates. See the numbering of the Psalms .