Santissima Trinità dei Pellegrini
| Santissima Trinità dei Pellegrini | |
|---|---|
| Patronage : | Trinitas |
| Consecration day : | June 12 |
| Parish: | Parrocchia Ss.ma Trinità dei Pellegrini |
| Address: | Via dei Pettinari 36 / A 00186 Roma |
Santissima Trinità dei Pellegrini ( Latin : Sanctissimae Trinitatis Peregrinorum ; German : Most Holy Trinity of Pilgrims ) is a Catholic church and a former pilgrimage home of the same name in the Regola district in the historic center of Rome .
The church of the pilgrims' hospice founded by Philipp Neri was built in the late 16th century in the Piazza della Trinità dei Pellegrini near the Ponte Sisto and the Palazzo Farnese . Since 2008 it has been a personal parish for the faithful of the extraordinary form of the Roman rite .
Pilgrims' hospice
Philip Neri, who from Florence had come to study in Rome, decided in view of the need of the protection and homeless pilgrims to Rome to devote to the accommodation and care of the poor and sick pilgrims. To this end, he founded the Arch-Brotherhood of the Pilgrims and the Sick of the Most Holy Trinity (Ss. Trinità dei Pellegrini e Convalescenti) in 1548 and a little later the pilgrims' hospice of the Most Holy Trinity, in which the pilgrims received free board and lodging as "guests of God". In 1558 Pope Paul IV allowed the brotherhood to use the parish church of San Benedetto in Arenula, first mentioned in 1186, on today's Piazza della Trinità dei Pellegrini , named after the pilgrims' hospice . This was the predecessor of the current church. A year later, the brotherhood began building the hospice building diagonally across from the church, which was expanded for the Holy Year 1575. Saint Philip Neri went to meet the pilgrims as far as the Milvian Bridge to invite them to spend the night in his hospice and to show them the way. He even washed their feet, and later even popes and queens followed his example, such as Pope Clement VIII in Holy Year 1600, Queen Christine of Sweden in Holy Year 1675 or, most recently, Princess Maria Christina of Savoy , later Queen of the Two Sicilies , in the Holy Year 1825. The pilgrims were given their own clean bed in a large dormitory, were washed and entertained, and the following day they were escorted to the four arch basilicas. In the evening they heard a sermon in the pilgrim church Ss. Trinità, because the Arch Brotherhood was not only concerned with the physical well-being, but even more with the spiritual welfare of the pilgrims. In the holy year 1575 the hospice is said to have already accommodated 170,000 pilgrims (with a population of only 40,000 in Rome at that time) and in the holy year 1825 it was even 263,000. Sometimes bed cards had to be issued so that no one stayed longer than necessary.
The Hospice of the Holy Trinity has until the dissolution of the Papal States existed in 1870, when it was expropriated and closed. It was used as a billiards club in the 1970s. As a replacement, Pope Leo XIII built. for the jubilee year 1900 the papal hospice Santa Marta in the Vatican. The Arch Brotherhood, which had been essentially robbed of its function of caring for pilgrims by the expropriation of the hospice, consisted of only a few old people in the late 20th century. However, it is still located in the former pilgrimage church, which was later handed over to the community of Sant'Egidio as a branch church and which celebrated a daily morning mass there until the establishment of the old ritual parish in 2008.
On the outer front of the pilgrims' home, a plaque reminds us that Goffredo Mameli , the author of the Italian national anthem Fratelli d'Italia , died here from the injuries from the battle of the Gianicolo on July 7th, 1849.
Church building
After Pope Gregory XIII. Finally, in 1579, when the brotherhood had transferred the church of S. Benedetto in Arenula as property, they decided to build a new church in view of the dilapidated condition. The old church was demolished in 1586 and the foundation stone of the new church was laid on the same spot on February 26, 1587, which was built until 1597 according to a design by Martino Longhi the Elder . The solemn church consecration under the name Santissima Trinità e San Benedetto took place on June 12, 1616. However, essential components such as the dome and the facade could only be realized in the following decades. The baroque , concave curved main facade was built in the years 1722/23 according to a design by the architect Francesco De Sanctis , for which he was inspired by that of San Marcello al Corso by the architect Carlo Fontana . The sculptures of the four evangelists in the facade niches are works by the Roman sculptor Bernardino Ludovisi from the years 1723/24. The most outstanding work of art in the church is the painted altarpiece above the high altar by Guido Reni from 1625 with a representation of the Holy Trinity , which Cardinal Ludovico Ludovisi commissioned the 50-year-old artist.
The eight side chapels are dedicated to the cross , St. Philipp Neri, St. Apostle Matthias , Our Lady Mary and Saints Joseph and Benedict , St. Pope Gregory the Great , St. Augustine and Francis of Assisi (with an altar painting by Giuseppe Cesari ), St. Charles Borromeo , and St. Dedicated to Giovanni Battista de Rossi . The relics of Giovanni Battista de Rossi (1698–1764), canonized in 1881 , were originally kept in this chapel, but on 23 May 1965 they were transferred to the new Roman church of San Giovanni Battista de Rossi , which was consecrated to him .
Personal parish
On March 23, 2008 Cardinal Vicar Camillo Ruini established at the request of Pope Benedict XVI. as an example of the implementation of his Motu proprio Summorum Pontificum the personal parish Ss. Trinità dei Pellegrini for the faithful of the Diocese of Rome who desire Holy Mass and the reception of the sacraments in the Extraordinary Form of the Roman Rite . Benedict XVI. wanted this establishment of the personal parish as a model for the whole church. The care of the parish was passed into the hands of the Society of St. Peter . The first pastor is the Australian Father Joseph Kramer FSSP, who has lived in Rome since 1977.
On the occasion of the twentieth anniversary of the founding of the Petrine Brotherhood, Darío Cardinal Castrillón Hoyos , President of the Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei , celebrated a pontifical office in the Church on October 18, 2008 in the extraordinary Roman rite. Another pontifical ministry in the old rite was given on All Saints' Day 2009 by Antonio Cardinal Cañizares Llovera , Prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Order of the Sacraments , in Ss. Trinità dei Pellgrini celebrates. Cardinals George Pell and Franc Rodé and on December 8, 2010 Cardinal Domenico Bartolucci also celebrated .
Web links
- Homepage of the personal parish Ss. Trinità dei Pellegrini (Italian, English, French)
- Entry on vicariatusurbis.org
Coordinates: 41 ° 53 ′ 36.7 ″ N , 12 ° 28 ′ 21.5 ″ E