Il Canto degli Italiani

Il Canto degli Italiani
Alternative title	Fratelli d'Italia (Brothers of Italy), ; Inno di Mameli (Mameli's hymn)
Title in German	The song of the Italians
country	Italy
Usage period	from 1947
text	Goffredo Mameli
melody	Michele Novaro
Sheet of music	JPG
Audio files

Il Canto degli Italiani ('The Song of the Italians'; after the first line of text also Fratelli d'Italia , 'Brothers of Italy') is the national anthem of Italy . The text is by Goffredo Mameli (which is why the hymn is also known as Inno di Mameli , 'Mameli-Hymne'), the melody was composed by Michele Novaro .

history

Cover of the 1860 edition


Author Goffredo Mameli		Composer Michele Novaro

The Genoese poet Goffredo Mameli wrote the verses of his work Il canto degli italiani in the autumn of 1847 , these were then set to music by the composer Michele Novaro, who also came from Genoa and premiered on December 10, 1847 in Genoa ( Oregina ) in front of around 30,000 patriots. The anthem immediately enjoyed great popularity with the nationalist groups in Liguria , spread from there to Lombardy and was also sung by the freedom fighters of the Cinque Giornate . The Inno di Mameli thus became a battle anthem of the Risorgimento .

When the Kingdom of Italy was proclaimed in 1861 , Fratelli d'Italia did not become the first national anthem; this became the Marcia Reale (Royal March) by Giuseppe Gabetti . Fratelli d'Italia remained the secret anthem. She kept this role in the First World War , where she was heard as a battle song of the Italian soldiers from 1915.

After the takeover of the fascists in 1922 won fascist struggle songs like Giovinezza popularity. In 1932, the official performance of Fratelli d'Italia was banned by Achille Starace , secretary of the PNF . Thus the hymn of the freedom fighters of the Risorgimento once again became a symbol of the opposition and resistance to fascism.

After the end of World War II and the establishment of the Italian Republic in 1946, it became the provisional national anthem of the newly established state. In a 1960 RAI poll , a clear majority of Italians voted for the Canto degli Italiani as the anthem. However, the temporary arrangement was to last for another 66 years, only in 2012 it became the official national anthem and thus one of the state symbols of Italy .

song lyrics

	Italian	German
	Fratelli d'Italia, L'Italia s'è desta, Dell'elmo di Scipio S'è cinta la testa. Dov'è la Vittoria? Le porga la chioma, Che schiava di Roma Iddio la creò. (2 ×)	Brothers of Italy, Italy has risen, And has adorned her head with Scipio's helmet . Where is Victoria the goddess of victory? May she bow her head to Italy, For as a slave of Rome God created her.
	CORO Stringiàmci a coòrte, Siam pronti alla morte. Siam pronti alla morte, L'Italia chiamò. Stringiàmci a coòrte, Siam pronti alla morte. Siam pronti alla morte, L'Italia chiamò! Sì!	REFRAIN Let's close the ranks, We are ready to die, We are ready to die, Italy has called! Let's close the ranks, We are ready to die, We are ready to die, Italy has called! Yes!
	Noi fummo da secoli Calpesti, derisi, Perché non siam popolo, Perché siam divisi. Raccolgaci un'unica Bandiera, una speme: Di fonderci insieme Già l'ora suonò.	We have been kicked and laughed at for centuries , Because we are not a people, Because we are divided. We are united by a single flag, one hope: that we may merge, for what the hour has already struck.
	Uniamoci, amiamoci, L'unione e l'amore Rivelano ai popoli Le vie del Signore. Giuriamo far libero Il suolo natio: Uniti, per Dio, Chi vincer ci può?	Let us unite, let us love one another. Unity and love reveal to the peoples the ways of the Lord. Let us swear to liberate the homeland: United by God, who can defeat us?
	CORO Stringiàmci a coòrte ...	REFRAIN Let's close the ranks ...
	Dall'Alpi a Sicilia Dovunque è Legnano, Ogn'uom di Ferruccio Ha il core, ha la mano, I bimbi d'Italia Si chiaman Balilla, Il suon d'ogni squilla I Vespri suonò.	From the Alps to Sicily Legnano is everywhere Every man has from Ferruccio The heart and the hand The children of Italy's hot balilla The sound of every war trumpet rang out at Vespers .
	Son giunchi che piegano Le spade vendute: Già l'Aquila d'Austria Le penne ha perdute. Il sangue d'Italia, Il sangue Polacco, Bevé col cosacco, Ma il cor le bruciò.	The swords you buy are soft as rushes: the Austrian eagle has already lost its feathers. He drank the blood of Italy, the blood of Poland with the Cossack . But it burned his heart.
	CORO Stringiàmci a coòrte ...	REFRAIN Let's close the ranks ...

Musical adaptations

A year after the proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy, Giuseppe Verdi used in his cantata Inno delle nazioni (Hymn of the Nations), which was written on the occasion of the London World's Fair in 1862 , in addition to the Marseillaise and God Save the Queen, also Fratelli d'Italia to describe “Italy as fully valid Member of the family of nations ”.

literature

Wolfgang Altgeld: The Risorgimento (1815–1876). In Altgeld: A Little Italian Story. Reclam, Stuttgart 2002.
David Gilmour: In Search of Italy. A history of people, cities and regions from antiquity to the present. Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 2013.
Tarquinio Miorino, Giuseppe Marchetti Tricamo, Piero Giordana: Fratelli d'Italia. La vera storia dell'inno di Mameli. Mondadori, Milan 2001.

Web links

Commons : Il Canto degli Italiani - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Canto nazionale - sources and full texts (Italian)

Symbols of the republic on quirinale.it (Italian)
Recordings of the national anthem of Italy on quirinale.it (Italian)
Documentation on the Inno di Mameli RAI (Italian)
Audio stream of the national anthem of Italy
Information on the “Song of the Italians” on Reise-nach-Italien.de

Notes and individual references

↑ Miorino, Marchetti Tricamo, Giordana: Fratelli d'Italia. 2001, p. 18.
↑ ^a ^b I simboli della Repubblica - L'inno nazionale. Website of the Italian Presidential Office (www.quirinale.it)
↑ David Gilmour: In Search of Italy. A history of people, cities and regions from antiquity to the present. Stuttgart 2013. p. 178.
^ Roberto Carnero: Fratelli d'Italia - attualità dell'Inno nazionale. ( Memento of the original from December 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Treccani.it , April 12, 2012. @1@ 2

↑ Miorino, Marchetti Tricamo, Giordana: Fratelli d'Italia. 2001, p. 130.

↑ Miorino, Marchetti Tricamo, Giordana: Fratelli d'Italia. 2001, p. 65.

↑ Miorino, Marchetti Tricamo, Giordana: Fratelli d'Italia. 2001, p. 131.

↑ Miorino, Marchetti Tricamo, Giordana: Fratelli d'Italia. 2001, p. 132.

↑ The Cossacks represent the Russian Empire, which, together with Austria and Prussia, had divided up independent Poland at the end of the 18th century, and the Italian revolutionaries, whose country was divided into seven small states, could identify with its fate as well as the Germans. In addition, Russia, Austria and Prussia in the "Holy Alliance" fought together all national and liberal liberal movements aimed at changing the existing political system.

↑ Anselm Gerhard . In: Anselm Gerhard, Uwe Schweikert (ed.): Verdi manual . P. 512.

[1] Miorino, Marchetti Tricamo, Giordana: Fratelli d'Italia. 2001, p. 18.

[quirinale-2] I simboli della Repubblica - L'inno nazionale. Website of the Italian Presidential Office (www.quirinale.it)

[3] David Gilmour: In Search of Italy. A history of people, cities and regions from antiquity to the present. Stuttgart 2013. p. 178.

[4] Roberto Carnero: Fratelli d'Italia - attualità dell'Inno nazionale. ( Memento of the original from December 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Treccani.it , April 12, 2012. @1@ 2

[5] Miorino, Marchetti Tricamo, Giordana: Fratelli d'Italia. 2001, p. 130.

[6] Miorino, Marchetti Tricamo, Giordana: Fratelli d'Italia. 2001, p. 65.

[7] Miorino, Marchetti Tricamo, Giordana: Fratelli d'Italia. 2001, p. 131.

[8] Miorino, Marchetti Tricamo, Giordana: Fratelli d'Italia. 2001, p. 132.

[Kosaken-9] The Cossacks represent the Russian Empire, which, together with Austria and Prussia, had divided up independent Poland at the end of the 18th century, and the Italian revolutionaries, whose country was divided into seven small states, could identify with its fate as well as the Germans. In addition, Russia, Austria and Prussia in the "Holy Alliance" fought together all national and liberal liberal movements aimed at changing the existing political system.

[10] Anselm Gerhard . In: Anselm Gerhard, Uwe Schweikert (ed.): Verdi manual . P. 512.