Marcha Real

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Marcha Real
Title in German Royal March
country SpainSpain Spain
text no text
melody unknown
Sheet of music Sheet of music
Audio files

Marcha Real [ ˈmaɾtʃa reˈal ] (“Royal March”) is the national anthem of Spain . It is one of the few national anthems without text and one of the oldest in Europe .

history

The hymn can be traced for the first time in 1761 in the Libro de Ordenanza de los toques militares de la Infantería Española ( Book of the Order of Military Signals of the Spanish Infantry ) by Manuel de Espinosa de los Monteros (around 1730–1810) under the title Marcha Granadera ( Grenadier March ) . The addition to the title “compuestos por Dn. Manuel Espinosa “identifies Espinosa as the composer of the collection, which is why it can be assumed that this march was also composed by him. The myth that originated in Spain in the 19th century is widespread that the composer of the piece was Frederick II of Prussia (Frederick the Great), who made it to Charles III. have dedicated. However, this claim is fictitious. However, Count Aranda is said to have taken over and reshaped the grenadier march from a grenadier regiment there during a visit by the Prussian troops in 1753.

The claim that the Marcha Granadera was owned by Charles III in 1770 is also controversial . has been declared an official "march of honor" by decree. It was not until the middle of the 19th century, during the reign of Isabella II , that it advanced to become the Marcha Real ( Royal March ).

Texts from the Marcha Real

The Marcha Real has officially not had a text for 250 years. Unofficially, however, she was often assigned texts that often achieved great popularity.

The oldest verses from 1843 are from Ventura de la Vega:

Venid españoles
Al grito acudid.
Dios salve a la Reina,
Dios salve al país. 		Come on, you Spaniards,
answer the call.
God save the queen,
God save the land.

During the reign of King Alfonso XIII. (1886–1931) the Marcha Real verses by Eduardo Marquina were underlaid: "Vida, vida, futuro de la Patria, que en tus ojos es abierto corazón" (German: "Life, life, future of the fatherland, which in your eyes open heart. «). After the end of Franco's rule there were allegedly efforts to officially declare this text to be the text of the Spanish national anthem. King Juan Carlos I is said to have decided against submitting a text to the Marcha Real.

After the Marcha Real had been replaced by the Himno de Riego during the Second Republic (1930-1939) , Franco introduced La Marcha Real again. During his dictatorship (1939-1975), the national anthem was sometimes sung with verses by the poet José María Pemán . However, this text was never officially recognized either.

In January 2008 a text was presented which was the result of a competition organized by the Spanish National Olympic Committee. The reason for the competition was that the NOK was of the opinion that the footballers should be able to sing along to the anthem before a game. However, due to largely negative reactions in politics and the public, this proposal was withdrawn after a few days.

In 2018, the pop singer Marta Sánchez made a new attempt at writing a text that was euphorically praised by Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy , but was rather rejected by musicians and the press. Also in 2018, singer-songwriter Alejandro Abad presented another text proposal.

The Triple Himno

In the time of Franquism , the Marcha Real was part of the Triple Himno (triple hymn), a medley composed of - in this order - the Carlist hymn Marcha de Oriamendi , the Falangist party hymn Cara al Sol and the Marcha Real. The Triple Himno was heard until 1976 when Radio Nacional de España closed .

See also

Web links

Commons : Marcha Real  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Libro de la ordenanza de los toques de pifanos y tambores que se tocan nuevamente en la ynfanta. española compuestos por Dn. Manuel Espinosa. 1761 ( digitized in the Biblioteca Digital Hispánica).
  2. ↑ Wolfgang Neugebauer, Otto Büsch (Ed.): Handbook of Prussian History. Volume 1: The 17th and 18th centuries and major themes in the history of Prussia. De Gruyter, Berlin 2009, ISBN 978-3-11-014091-0 , p. 611 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  3. ↑ a b ¿Por qué Farragut fue recibido con LA MARCHA REAL? Archived from the original on February 21, 2014 ; Retrieved January 8, 2012 (Spanish, detailed description of sources and historical facts).
  4. ^ Ilja Mieck : Prussia and Western Europe. In: Wolfgang Neugebauer (Hrsg.): Handbuch der Prussischen Geschichte. Volume 1: The 17th and 18th centuries and major themes in the history of Prussia. De Gruyter, Berlin, New York 2009, pp. 411–850, here p. 611 .
  5. ^ El presidente del COE se muestra satisfecho por la aceptación de la letra del himno . ElPais.com, January 14, 2008
  6. ↑ El himno de España vuelve a quedarse sin letra . ElPais.com, January 16, 2008
  7. ↑ a b Ute Müller: We are looking for a text for Spain's hymn . Neue Zürcher Zeitung, April 19, 2018, accessed on June 5, 2018
  8. ^ A b Carola Frentzen: It stays with Spain's silent hymn . dpa / Mittelbayerische Zeitung, April 28, 2018, accessed on June 5, 2018