Coat snails
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| Parmacellidae | ||||||||||||
| Fisherman , 1856 |
The mantle snails ( Parmacellidae) are a family of land snails (Stylommatophora). The first members of the family are from the Eocene Baltic amber described ( Parmacella succini ). Further finds are known from the Lower Pliocene .
features
The species in the family are mostly large animals that are about 10 cm long when stretched out. The mantle shield takes up about half of the total body length. The foot has a keel on top. There is a narrow slit between the foot and the coat shield, through which the viscera is visible through a thin skin. The housing is covered by the jacket shield and consists of the spiral-wound embryonic housing and the plate-like postembryonic part. Young animals that have just hatched can still retreat into the embryonic housing. After that it is overgrown by the mantle shield. Even later, the animals can still retreat under this rather large coat shield. The breathing hole is quite large and is located on the right side in the rear part of the mantle shield.
Way of life and occurrence
The family is widespread in southern Europe from Portugal in the west to North Africa to the Caucasus, northern Iran to Central Asia. Some species are also found in the Canary Islands . The animals are herbivores and nocturnal. They prefer to live in near-natural, dry biotopes, less often in gardens and parks near settlements.
Systematics
The family of the mantle snails contains only a few genera with about 15 species:
- Parmacella Cuvier, 1804
- Cryptella Webb & Berthelot, 1833
- Candaharia Godwin-Austen, 1888
- Levandera (mostly only subgenus of Candaharia )
Actually, the name Cryptellidae is Gray, the oldest scientific name for this family in 1855. However, it has been forgotten and must be regarded as a nomen oblitum (forgotten name). The name Parmacellidae thus remains valid.
Individual evidence
- ↑ G. Skujiene: Land Snails in Baltic Amber. In Baltic Juewellery News , No. 8, pp. 81-82, Vilnius 2007.
- ↑ George O. Poniar: Life in Amber. Stanford 1992.
- ^ W. Weitschat and W. Wichard: Atlas of plants and animals in the Baltic amber. Munich 1998.
- ↑ http://www.animalbase.uni-goettingen.de/zooweb/servlet/AnimalBase/home/family?id=871
literature
- Anatolij A. Schileyko: Treatise on Recent Terrestrial Pulmonate Molluscs Part 10 Ariophantidae, Ostracolethidae, Ryssotidae, Milacidae, Dyakiidae, Staffordiidae, Gastrodontidae, Zonitidae, Daudebardiidae, Parmacellidae. In: Ruthenica. Supplement 2 (10): 1307-1466, Moscow 2003 ISSN 0136-0027
- Bernhard Hausdorf: Phylogeny of the Limacoidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora). In: Journal of Molluscan Studies. 64: 35-66, London 1998 ISSN 0260-1230
