Marchiafava-Bignami syndrome
| Classification according to ICD-10 | |
|---|---|
| G37.1 | Central demyelination of the corpus callosum |
| ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019) | |
As Marchiafava-Bignami disease (synonym: Corpus callosum atrophy ) is called a rare neuropsychiatric disorder whose cause and origin has not yet been clarified. However, the disease occurs mainly as a result of chronic alcoholism in connection with malnutrition . The Marchiafava-Bignami syndrome is mainly characterized by degeneration and necrosis of central parts of the bar ( corpus callosum ). The syndrome was named after Amico Bignami and Ettore Marchiafava, who first described it .
The clinical picture is variable. A distinction can be made between acute, subacute and chronic forms. Typically, there is a decrease in intelligence , changes in personality and occasional speech and movement disorders or epileptic seizures . In the final stages, especially the acute form, the disease often leads to dementia and later to coma and even death. The diagnosis is confirmed by means of computed tomography or magnetic resonance tomography . The progression of the disease can be slowed or possibly prevented by abstinence from alcohol and eating right.
A similar clinical picture is caused, among other things, by the so-called Wernicke encephalopathy .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Marchiafava-Bignami syndrome . Who named it?
- ↑ E. Marchiafava, A. Bignami. Sopra un 'alterazione del corpo calloso osservata da sogetti alcoolisti. Rivista di patologia nervosa e mental, 1903, 8 (12): 544-549.
swell
- Claus Werner Wallesch: Neurology: Diagnostics and therapy in clinic and practice . Elsevier 2005, pp. 984 ff. ISBN 3-437-23390-4
- Michael E Charness et al .: Overview of the chronic neurologic complications of alcohol . UpToDate Ver. February 16, 2007.