Human rights in Ukraine
The rights, freedoms and duties of citizens of Ukraine are set out in Chapter 2 of the Ukrainian Constitution of 1996 . Ukraine has a number of human rights treaties of the UN ratified . According to Article 9 of Chapter 1 of the Ukrainian Constitution, these are part of national legislation . Nevertheless, even after independence in 1991 , human rights violations continued to occur.
According to the Freedom House , which is largely financed by Western government institutions , the human rights situation in Ukraine has improved significantly since the " Maidan Revolution " in 2014. It has assessed Ukraine as partially free since 2015. On a scale of political rights and freedoms from 1 (greatest freedom) to 7 (least freedom), the country is rated in the report “Freedom in the World” with 3 points for political rights and civil rights.
Nevertheless, the accused human rights organization Amnesty International in Ukraine War from 2014 both the armed separatists in eastern Ukraine and government soldiers in front of "serious human rights violations." Activists, protesters and hostages who got into the hands of one of the conflicting parties were mistreated. According to Human Rights Watch, both sides of the conflict committed war crimes . In addition, the cabinets Ukrainian government , the media freedom an excessively even sexual diversity would not fully respected. According to an OSCE report, the 2015 elections in Ukraine were conducted according to democratic standards. However, additional efforts would be needed to increase public confidence in this regard. The OSCE evaluates Kiev's actions in the area of media freedom negatively. Also in 2015 there was a series of deaths from Ukrainian opposition members . In the same year the Ukrainian parliament decided to partially suspend some human rights until the end of the war in Ukraine. These are the rights to freedom and security, to a fair trial and to the protection of family life.
history
The Constitution of Ukraine is based on individual and inalienable human rights and contains the principles of a social constitutional state , a democracy based on the separation of powers and the sovereignty of the people .
The draft constitution of Ukraine was adopted on June 28, 1996 by the Verkhovna Rada , the parliament of Ukraine. This constitution replaced the constitution of the Ukrainian SSR , which was valid until 1995 . Since then, June 28 has been celebrated as Constitution Day.
UN human rights treaty
Of the UN human rights treaties, Ukraine has so far signed and ratified the following agreements :
| agreement | year | signing | ratification |
|---|---|---|---|
| International Convention for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination | 1966 | 1966 | 1969 as Ukrainian SSR |
| International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights | 1966 | 1968 | 1973 as Ukrainian SSR |
| International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights | 1966 | 1968 | 1973 as Ukrainian SSR |
| UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women | 1979 | 1980 | 1981 as Ukrainian SSR |
| UN Convention against Torture | 1984 | 1986 | 1987 as Ukrainian SSR |
| Children's Rights Convention | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 as Ukrainian SSR |
| International Convention for the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families | 1990 | - | - |
| UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities | 2006 | 2008 | 2010 |
| UN Convention against Enforced Disappearances | 2006 | - | 2015 |
Individual evidence
- ^ Constitution of Ukraine 1996 (German translation) , Verfassungen.net, accessed on October 30, 2016
- ↑ Our Supporters . Freedomhouse.org. 2016. Retrieved October 29, 2016.
- ↑ Ukraine Report: Freedom in the World 2015 . Freedomhouse.org. 2015. Retrieved October 30, 2016.
- ^ Human Rights Watch World Report 2015: Ukraine, Events of 2014 .
- ↑ Ukraine elections comply with democratic standards: OSCE , dw.com. October 26, 2015. Retrieved November 27, 2015.
- ↑ Ukraine local elections generally respected democratic process, but additional efforts needed to enhance public confidence, international observers say . OSCE . Retrieved October 30, 2016.
- ↑ http://iportal.rada.gov.ua/en/news/page/news/News/110107.html