Mirschaqyp Dulatuly
Mirschaqyp Dulatuly ( Kazakh Міржақып Дулатұлы , Russian Миржакип Дулатов Mirschakip Dulatow ; born November 25, 1885 in Turgai Oblast , Russian Empire ; † October 5, 1935 ) was a Kazakh poet and writer .
Life
Mirschaqyp Dulatuly was born in Turgai Oblast in the Russian Empire in 1885. He lost his parents early; his mother died when he was two years old and his father died when he was twelve years old. When he was eight years old, his father sent him to a mullah in the village, from whom he had not learned anything apart from Arabic prayer. After that, he attended a rural school and then a two-year Kazakh-Russian school, where he trained as a teacher.
His first poem was published in a Saint Petersburg newspaper. His first collection of poems, entitled Oyan! Qazaq! was published in 1909. The work was an appeal to the Kazakh intelligentsia and as such was confiscated and destroyed by the authorities. The volume of poetry contributed to making him extremely well known among the Kazakh people. In 1910 he published his first novel entitled Baqytsys Schamal . This is about the life of an oppressed Kazakh woman and is now considered the first novel to be published in the Kazakh language . In his works he campaigned for education, science and the equal treatment of women. Dulatuly was arrested in 1911 for his political activities and spent 18 months in prison.
Between 1913 and 1918 he edited the weekly newspaper Qazaq together with Älichan Bökeichan and Achmet Baitursynuly . Together they were instrumental in founding the Alasch Orda . Dulatuly was also one of the authors of the Alash Party manifesto . In 1919 Dulatuly joined the Russian Communist Party and taught at a university of the party in Moscow . Nonetheless, he repeatedly had problems with the Soviet authorities, as he was suspected of nationalism because of his political activities. Between 1922 and 1926 he taught at the Kazakh National Educational Institute in Orenburg .
He was arrested in 1928 and sentenced to death two years later. The sentence was later commuted to ten years in a camp. Dulatuly died on October 5, 1935 in the Solovki prison camp on the Solovetsky Islands .
It was not until 1988 that he was fully rehabilitated.
Works
- Oyan! Qazaq! (1909)
- Baqytsy's Shamal (1910)
- Asamat (1913)
- Terme (1915)
- Esep Kurali (1922)
- Kiyragat Kitabi (1924)
literature
- Didar Kassymova, Zhanat Kundakbayeva, Ustina Markus: Historical Dictionary of Kazakhstan (= Historical Dictionaries of Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East ). Scarecrow Press, Lanham 2012, ISBN 978-0-8108-6782-6 (English).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Дулатов Мыржакып (1885–1935 гг.) , Accessed on March 4, 2019 (Russian).
- ↑ Tomohiko Uyama: The Geography of Civilizations: Chapter 3-A Spatial Analysis of the Kazakh Intelligentsia's Activities, From the Mid-Nineteenth to the Early Twentieth Century , p. 93 (PDF).
- ↑ Mirzhakyp Dulatov , accessed on March 10, 2019 (English).
- ↑ a b Миржакип Дулатов , accessed March 4, 2019 (Russian).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Dulatuly, Mirschaqyp |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Дулатұлы, Міржақып (kkS); Дулатов, Миржакип (ruS) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Kazakh poet and writer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 25, 1885 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Turgai Oblast , Russian Empire |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 5, 1935 |