Misse (moor)

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Missen are forest moors dominated by the Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris ), which were created in ridges, saddles, troughs and plateaus of the mountains through small-scale and shallow bog . They have only small peat thicknesses between 30 and a maximum of 100 cm. The expression "Misse" is a local term that is typical of the northern Black Forest , and appears modified as Miss , Müsse or Müß . The names presumably go back to the word "moss", since peat moss ( Sphagnum ) play a decisive role in its development. Because of the stagnant growth of the trees, however, "-miss" in the word meaning of "bad / lousy" could have given the name. The Missen have their greatest distribution in the high-rainfall, low-discharge plateau areas. But also silted up former cirque lakes and flat cirque floors show misses ( sloping or swamp moors ). Floristically and locally, Missen lead over to raised bogs and rain bogs , whereby ombrotrophic areas, i.e. areas nourished exclusively by rainwater, (initially) only appear on a small scale.

Emergence

Misses occur on soils that are poor in bases and tend to waterlogging. Climatic factors such as high rainfall, a relatively short vegetation period and a cool, humid, montane climate must also be added as basic requirements. Human usage influences also favored the development of misses. The introduction of stable feeding in the 19th century forced forest farmers to use the ground vegetation as litter ( litter use). Due to the constant deprivation of nutrients, raw humus layers formed on the poor red sandstone soils . The bilberry ( Vaccinium myrtillus ), an acid pointer, became the dominant dwarf shrub species. Pipe grass ( Molinia caerulea , M. arundinacea ) colonizes the drier (peripheral) areas in dense clumps .

literature

  • State Institute for Environmental Protection Baden-Württemberg: Supplement No. 73, "Spread of the Missen, Missen in the district of Calw", Karlsruhe 1993, ISSN  0342-7056
  • Volker Späth, Institute for Landscape Ecology and Nature Conservation, Bühl: Issue No. 3 "National Park Proposal North Black Forest", 1992, ISSN  0934-1277