Mono compatibility

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With mono compatibility positive auditory (hörmäßige) judging the sound is a music production in mono reproduction referred to the stereo signal, that is, when both stereo channels are forcibly mixed together. The unit of measurement for monocompatibility is the degree of correlation .

Measurement

The degree of correlation can be determined with display instruments such as the correlation degree meter or the goniometer . The phase relationships of the two channels, i.e. the equality or different nature of their signals , are usually displayed as a pointer display (quasi r = cos ) or in graphical form as a goniometer (also stereo vector scope , stereo analyzer or stereo viewer / SSG ).

conditions

Mono compatibility is particularly important for music productions that are to run on the radio or television, as the receiving devices often only allow mono playback (e.g. simple transistor and “kitchen radios” or in poor reception conditions). If the degree of correlation is negative, deletions occur which audibly negatively affect the sound image. In the extreme case of signals that are completely out of phase, the result of mono playback is silence.

Even if playback in mono is not expected, some sound recording and transmission methods require mono-compatible signals. In FM broadcasting there would be problems with stereo matrixization; when pressing non-monocompatible records , the cutting stylus and later the tonearm would be forced into vertical movements.

application

Problems with mono compatibility mainly arise from differences in runtime when using several microphones. Remedy changing the microphone positions, a phase rotation of the mixer duct work or the compensation of the transit time difference by means of delay . An inadmissible degree of correlation can also occur with microphone methods of runtime stereophony , monocompatibility is then associated with sound compromises. The stereophonic spatial impressions resulting from different phase positions are inevitably partially lost even in stereo playback. However, since strict compliance with mono compatibility is more important, especially in broadcasting, the microphone methods of intensity stereophony are of particular importance here.

Caution is also advised when using an artificial reverb; some settings that sound too spatial are not mono-compatible.

Multi-channel stereo

The mono compatibility between the individual speakers is also checked for surround audio formats . The most convenient correlation meter allow the simultaneous measurement of all possible speaker pairs.

literature

  • Hubert Henle: The recording studio manual. 5th edition, GC Carstensen Verlag, Munich, 2001, ISBN 3-910098-19-3
  • Thomas Görne: Sound engineering. 1st edition, Carl Hanser Verlag, Leipzig, 2006, ISBN 3-446-40198-9
  • Thomas Sandmann: Effects and Dynamics. 7th edition, PPV-Verlag, 2008, ISBN 978-3-932275-57-9

Web links