Movimiento de Acción Nacionalista Organizado

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Movimiento de Acción Nacionalista Organizado (MANO; German Organized Movement of Nationalist Action) was a right-wing death squad in Guatemala . The acronym MANO is the Spanish word for 'hand'. The organization therefore used a white hand in a red circle as a symbol and was also known under the name Mano Blanca .

history

In 1966, Julio César Méndez Montenegro of the centrist Partido Revolucionario (PR) was elected a civilian president for the first time since the military coup against the government of Jacobo Arbenz in 1954 ( Operation PBSUCCESS ). Méndez Montenegro, however, had to make far-reaching concessions to the military after taking office , which were laid down in a secret pact concluded between the government and the military under Enrique Peralta Azurdia . The civil government undertook to include a. to apply anti-communist laws and to give the military a free hand in the fight against the Guatemalan guerrillas .

At the same time, various death squads emerged, which were supported by the defeated right-wing parties Partido Institucional Democrático (PID) and Movimiento de Liberación Nacional (MLN) as well as from business and military circles. These organizations spread terror through the disappearances , torture and murder of people who were considered “communist”.

MANO first appeared in public on June 3, 1966. Its leader was Jorge Córdoba Molina (called Huevo Loco ), a former officer of the Policía Judicial. In 1967 the organization began to distribute blacklists as leaflets with the names of politically unpopular people who were intended for kidnapping or murder. Soon after, it acted on these announcements, with government funding or support. The organization's victims came primarily from what is considered to be “subversive” academic backgrounds. 1978 MANO stopped its activities.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Texto del pacto suscrito entre el ejército de Guatemala y el Partido Revolucionario en 1966 . Annex 19 of the Memoria del Silencio report of the Comisión para el Esclarecimiento Histórico (CEH). Retrieved August 14, 2012.
  2. ↑ a b Listado de organizaciones paramilitares anticomunistas (1962–1981) . Annex 15 of the Report Memoria del Silencio of the CEH . Retrieved August 14, 2012.
  3. ↑ Caso ilustrativo No. 41 . Annex I of the report Memoria del Silencio of the CEH . Retrieved August 14, 2012.