Mušezib-Marduk

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Mušēzib-Marduk was from 692 to 689 BC. King of Babylonia . He came to power with the help of the Elamite king Humban-numena , after he was elected in 693 BC. BC that had conquered Babylon, which was previously under Assyrian rule, and Nergal-ušēzib , the king appointed by Elam, was killed by the Assyrians after only six months.

The rule of Mušēzib-Marduk, who belonged to the Chaldean ethnic group , did not last long. With him, the Babylonian independence that had just been achieved came to an end again.

The Assyrian King Sîn-aḫḫe-eriba (also known as Sennacherib) probably sought revenge not only for reasons of state, but also for very personal reasons. When Elam conquered Babylon, the Assyrian governor Aššur-nadin-šumi, a son of the Assyrian king, was killed. It is true that Mušēzib-Marduk succeeds in eliminating his rival's army for almost two years with a large anti-Assyrian coalition. When, in the third year of his reign, he suffered an economic decline, the Assyrian Empire seized the opportunity.

Sîn-aḫḫe-eriba fell in 689 BC In Babylonia and conquered the city after nine months of siege. In retaliation for his near defeat and for the death of his son, he ordered the complete destruction of the city. Finally, even the Euphrates was passed over the ruins. Nobody should know afterwards where exactly the city was. With this, however, he encountered violent opposition in Assyria. Conversely, Babylon was viewed as a culturally leading role model, just as resolutely as the Assyrian Empire claimed political sovereignty. Later sources blamed this outrage for Sîn-aḫḫe-eriba's end, through murder.

Mušezib-Marduk and his family were arrested and taken to Nineveh , the new capital of the Assyrian Empire. In the month of Kislimu (November / December) 689 BC The execution followed.

Web links

literature

  • Hans J. Nissen: History of ancient Near East . Walter de Gruyter, 2012 ( full text in the Google book search).
predecessor Office successor
Nergal-usezib King of Babylonia
692–689 BC Chr. 		Sîn-aḫḫe-eriba
(Sennacherib)
personal data
SURNAME Mušezib-Marduk
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Mušēzib-Marduk
BRIEF DESCRIPTION King of Babylon (692–689 BC)
DATE OF BIRTH 8th century BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH 689 BC Chr.